Studied by 18 people
Song Dynasty
Chinese dynasty (960–1279 CE) known for technological advances, economic prosperity, and strong bureaucracy.
Filial Piety
Confucian virtue of respect for one's parents and ancestors.
Mandate of Heaven
Chinese belief that rulers are given the right to rule by divine authority, but can lose it due to corruption or failure.
Grand Canal
A massive man-made waterway in China that connected northern and southern regions, facilitating trade and communication.
Neo-Confucianism
A revival of Confucian thought during the Song Dynasty, blending Confucianism with Buddhist and Daoist elements.
Heian Japan
A period (794-1185 CE) in Japan known for the flourishing of court culture, literature, and art.
Textile
Fabrics or cloth, a major trade good in many civilizations, especially significant in Silk Road trade.
Champa Rice
A fast-growing rice variety from Vietnam that boosted agricultural production in China.
Islam
A monotheistic religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad in the 7th century CE, emphasizing submission to Allah.
Dar al-Islam
Term used to describe regions under Islamic rule, where Islamic law and culture dominate.
Hinduism
One of the world's oldest religions, originating in India, characterized by belief in reincarnation, karma, and a pantheon of gods.
Judaism
Monotheistic religion of the Jewish people, tracing origins to Abraham and Moses, with the Torah as its foundational text.
Christianity
Monotheistic religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ, emphasizing salvation and the Holy Trinity.
Confucianism
A Chinese philosophy based on the teachings of Confucius, emphasizing order, hierarchy, and proper conduct.
Buddhism
A religion and philosophy originating in India, focusing on ending suffering through the Eightfold Path and the Four Noble Truths.
Theravada
Branch of Buddhism focusing on monastic life and meditation, dominant in Southeast Asia.
Mahayana
Branch of Buddhism emphasizing compassion and the bodhisattva path, popular in East Asia.
Tibetan
Branch of Buddhism with strong ritual and monastic traditions, prevalent in Tibet and the Himalayas.
Sufism
Islamic mysticism emphasizing a personal connection with God through meditation, asceticism, and prayer.
Seljuk Empire
A medieval Sunni Muslim empire, which played a key role in defending the Islamic world and interacting with the Crusades.
Delhi Sultanate
A Muslim kingdom in India (1206–1526 CE) that led to cultural fusion and the spread of Islam in the region.
Abbasid Caliphate
Islamic dynasty (750–1258 CE) that ruled from Baghdad, fostering a golden age of science, culture, and trade.
House of Wisdom (Abbasid)
A major intellectual center during the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad where scholars translated and studied Greek, Persian, and Indian texts.
Srivijaya Empire
A maritime and commercial empire in Southeast Asia (7th-13th century CE) that controlled trade through the Malacca Strait.
Khmer Empire
Southeast Asian empire (802–1431 CE) known for constructing the temple complex Angkor Wat.
Maya
A Mesoamerican civilization known for its advancements in writing, astronomy, and architecture (250–900 CE).
Mexica
Indigenous people who founded the Aztec Empire in Mesoamerica, known for their warrior culture and human sacrifices.
Inca
Largest empire in pre-Columbian America, based in the Andes, known for advanced agriculture and road systems.
Mali
West African empire (1235–1600 CE) known for its wealth, especially in gold, and leaders like Mansa Musa.
Timbuktu
A major trading and intellectual center in Mali, known for its Islamic scholarship during the Mali Empire.
Axum (Ethiopia)
Ancient kingdom in Ethiopia, a center of Christian civilization and trade with the Roman Empire and India.
Feudalism
A social and economic system in medieval Europe where land was exchanged for military service and protection.
Peasant
Lowest social class in feudal societies, typically farmers who worked the land and paid taxes to lords.
Artisan
Skilled craftsperson who produces goods by hand, such as textiles, pottery, or metalwork.
Serfdom
System in which peasants were tied to the land and provided labor to their lords in exchange for protection and housing.
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