arts sec 1

formal analysis

visual quality of the art itself

Contextual analysis

looking outside the work out to determine its meaning

patronage

viewer access to the work the physical location of the work in its original context

Pliny the Elder

sought to analyze historical and contemporary art in his text Natural History.

Giorgio Vasari

gathered the biographies of great Italian artists, past and present, in The Lives of the Artists.

Johann Joachim Winckelmann

a German scholar who shifted away from Vasari’s biographical emphasis to a rigorous study of stylistic development as related to historical context.

oldest works of art

the cave paintings found in Chauvet Cave in southeastern France. These paintings, discovered in 1994, date from c. 30,000 bce and thus are placed in the Old Stone Age created using red ochre and black charcoal and depict animals

Venus (or Woman) of Willendorf

small stone female figures that have exaggerated bellies, breasts, and pubic areas the arms are barely visible, and the feet are missing. four and one-eighth inches high fertility figures

whats diffrent about rock shelters painting and cave paintings

rock shelters paintings depict humans dominate animals

Stonehenge location

Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire, England.

Stonehenge

features concentric rings made with sarsen (a form of sandstone) stones and smaller “bluestones”—rocks indigenous to the region.

where did the mesopotamia civilizations formed

valley between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

what did the Sumerians in Mesopotamia

created

impressive sculptures and buildings and ziggurats.

who took over summerains 

Sargon of Akkad /the Akkadians

Akkadian rule came to an end cause

as the Guti,barbarous mountaineers,

who indured the Code of Hammurabi

Babylonian

who dominated the north 

Assyrians

Persian Empire

is present-day Iran notable for their impressive architectural achievements, the most important of which was the palace at Persepolis made of stone, brick, and wood and reflects the influence of Egyptian architecture.