Chemistry Midterm Exam

Which group of the periodic table is composed of inert (not reactive) gases?

Noble gases

Electrons occupy orbitals of lowest energy first is part of what electron configuration rule?

Aufbau's Principle

Anions are ______ ions.

negative

What does the nucleus of an atom contain?

Protons and neutrons

The students measured length during a science experiment, they got 12cm. But the actual measurement was 14.25cm. What was the percent error?

15.79%

The Alkali metals have ______ valence electron

1

What atom matches this electron configuration? 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10

Zinc

Ionization energy is...

how much energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom

Contributes basically no mass to an atom.

electrons

What are the units for molar mass?

grams/mole

For a principle quantum number "n", equal to 6, is it possible for "l" to be equal to 7?

No

What do atoms of metals tend to do with their valence electrons when bonding with non-metals?

Donate them

Which has the greater EN?

Cl

How many molecules are in 2.5 mol of NaCl?

1.51x10^24

Which group of METALS is the most reactive?

Group 1 - Alkali Metals

He determined the mass of an electron and confirmed it's charge in 1909 as a result of oil drop experiments.

Millikan

Each column in the periodic table is called a

group

How many sig figs in the number 5.1 x 10^5?

2

Convert 5cm to mm:

50mm

The attendance for the basketball game was estimated to be 15,000 people but 12,500 people attended. What was the percent error?

20%

The atom with the largest atomic radius in Group 18 is -

Rn

Elements are

identified by very specific physical and chemical properties; substances that cannot be broken down to any other substance by physical or chemical means; represented by one or two letter symbols organized in the Periodic Table

For a p sublevel, "L" equals ______

1

Nonmetals ________ electrons when they become ions.

Gain

As you move down the periodic table atoms get bigger. This is because _______

The atoms have more energy levels.

At _______ degrees Celsius water freezes into a solid.

0

The density of this material is 2g/cm^3. There are 24cm^3 Find the total mass.

48g

What atom is represented by 35 protons, 45 neutrons, and 35 electrons?

Bromine

An atom's overall charge is __________.

neutral

What is the noble gas electron configuration for sulfur?

[Ne] 3s^2 3p^4

Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of 14g and a volume of 2cm^3. What is the density of the rock?

7g/cm^3

What is the mass of one mole of aluminum?

26.982 g

If quantum number "n" = 3, what are the possible values for "L"

0,1,2

The temperature of the room is decreasing by 4 degrees Celsius.

Quantitive

Which has the greater EN:

F

Group 2 on the periodic table is known as

alkaline earth metals

The atomic number tells you what?

number of protons

Which atom has the largest atomic radius?

Francium

How many orbitals are there in the "d" sublevel?

5

How many valence electrons does hydrogen have?

1

Valence electrons are

electrons farthest from the nucleus

How many neutrons in C-14?

8

Which has the greater EN: N or C?

N

J.J. Thomson provided evidence that an atom...

contains negatively charged particles

Elements that are soft, extremely reactive metals are part of what group?

Alkali Metals

You know 16 cups = 1 gallon. Convert 3.5 gallons into cups.

56 cups

This is a negatively charged particle found outside the nucleus

Electron

The atomic number for Oxygen is 8, so

there are 8 protons in the atom

How many valence electrons are in an atom of P?

5

Alkaline Earth Metals have how many valence electrons?

2

How many electrons can occupy any one orbital?

2

True or False: The majority of an atom is made up of empty space

True

What is an atom?

the basic particle from which all elements are made

Which scientist conducted experiments using alpha particles and thin gold foil, which later helped him develop his model for the atom?

Ernest Rutherford

The photoelectric effect only occurs if the light shining on the metal is:

above a minimum frequency

Metals ________ electrons when they become ions

lose

Which periodic group has the smallest atomic radius?

Noble gases

How many neutrons does the isotope of lithium have?

5

How many minutes are in a year?

525,600 min

Convert from meters to cm: 9 meters

900 cm

This particle is found in the nucleus and has a positive charge

proton

What scientist is best known for his "Plum Pudding" model of the atom?

J.J. Thomas

As you move across the periodic table atoms tend to get smaller because, _________.

the atoms have more protons

What is this element? [Ar] 4s^2

Calcium

How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

2

What charge will a Beryllium ion have?

2+

Which is an example of a physical property of matter?

Water freezing to ice

How did Rutherford discover the proton?

Gold foil experiment

Which class of electromagnetic radiation has the least energy?

Radio

Trey is the fastest runner in the class!

qualitative

Which of the following will have a lower ionization energy than Scandium (Sc)?

Calcium (Ca)

The mass of a lead cube is 64 grams. This is an example of

physical extensive property

How many protons are in an atom of magnesium?

12

What atom matches this electron configuration? 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2

Magnesium

What is the "L" quantum number for an f orbital?

3

Is melting butter for popcorn a chemical or physical change?

physical

How many sig figs in the number 100.010?

6

Which physical property of matter describes the relationship between mass and volume?

density

How many valence electrons does oxygen have?

6

When a measurement is repeatable and consistent it is said to have...

High precision

What atom matches this electron configuration? [Xe] 6s^2 4f^14 5d^9

Gold

How many valence electrons does Sulfur have?

6

What quantum number describes the energy level of an orbital?

n

All matter is made of what?

atoms

Who was awarded the nobel prize for his work on the photoelectric effect?

Albert Einstein

The Law of Conservation of Matter states that

matter is neither created nor destroyed in any process

John Dalton wrote postulates to make the idea of the atom useful. Which postulate below was proven wrong?

All elements are made up of tiny indivisible particles called atoms.

Which of the following will have a larger radius than Zinc?

Strontium

What charge will an aluminum ion have?

3+

The atoms along the staircase are called

metalloids

For a principle quantum number, "n", equal to 2, what is the total electron capacity of that level?

8

How close a measurement is to the true value is called...

Accuracy

Convert 8 kilometers to meters

8,000 meters

Physical properties of a substance include _______

color, odor and weight; density and specific gravity; melting point, boiling point and hardness

Elements in a _______ have similar chemical properties.

group

Who stated that all atoms of the same element are exactly alike?

Dalton

Which is a halogen

Chlorine

The lines in the emission spectrum for hydrogen are formed from _________.

energy given off when the electron moves from higher energy levels to lower energy levels

How many valence electrons are in an atom of Ba?

2

Which is NOT an example of a physical property of matter?

ability to rust