Global insights Quiz #1 Duquesne University

Communication Style

cultures have adopt a way of talking that others do not appreciate

Communication style is...

important to a managers success in international business, especially in negotiations

Dialects

Different version of a language (Yinzers for example)

Thousands of different versions of the 3,000 distinct languages that exist in the world

Mandarin

the official language of the peoples Republic of China, yet the eight languages of china are as different as spanish is from french

5 most Widely Spoken and Influential languages used around the world

Mandarin Chinese, Spanish, English, Hindi, Russian

Ethnocentrism may lead to

lack of foreign language proficiency

Being ok with being monolingual is increasing because

ØMuch of business on the Internet is conducted in English because U.S. firms were early adopters of online communications.

ØWidespread use of English becuase of US Economy

ØEnglish is the most common language studied in schools.

How executives view other countries cultural knoweldge

Top 5

Belgium, Switzerland, Netherlands, Denmark, Hong Kong

bottom 5

US, S Africa, UK, Australia, Brazil

6 Sources of Communication Errors

Ødialects

ØAccents/variations

ØBiased assumptions of communicating clearly

ØUsing the wrong communication style

ØFailure of native speakers & "foreign" speakers communication of same language.

Øphrases that have different actual meanings across countries (bypassing).

Check Chap 6 8,9,10,13,

Check Chap 7 4,5,6

5 Forms of Communication

1. Compliment

2. Embarrassment

3. Monitoring Others

4. (Apology, Regret, and forgiveness)

5. Critisism

Persons from high uncertainty avoidance countries are less willing to

adopt new communication methods

Persons from low context cultures are more comfortable with

"lean" communication methods such as a Email

Gender, age, and experiences are more important than culture in

Predicting communication preferences

important for communication across cultures

nonverbal communication

interpersonal space

different spaces are preferred by different cultures

5 nonverbal communication Examples

1. interpersonal space

2. gestures

3. emotions

4. touch

5. vocal qualities

Haptics

The use or avoidance of touch while communicating

Vocal Qualities

speed & loudness of ones voice

low-context cultures

People tend to be more straightforward in their communication and expect others to be as well

United States

High Context Cultures

People may use indirect language, gestures, and body language to convey meaning.

Asain Cultures

3 Miscommunications as a source of conflict

1. Distortion of information

2. confusion over information

3. missing information all together

3 Basic Causes of Conflict

1. Cultural Norms differences

2. decision making methods

3. propensity for or aversion to conflict

5 Styles for managing conflict effectively

1. Competition

2. avoidance

3. accommodation

4. compromise

5. collaboration

equity norm

individual rewards within group

Equality Norm

equal rewards for group

Face

public image that an individual maintains in interactions with others

Social Complexities of Face

1. it Is different from concepts such as dignity

2. certain social triggers can emphasize its importance, directness, frankness

3. related features can be prime sources for loss of face

5 ways How People account for conflict

1. Mitigating Accounts

2. Justification

3. Refusal

4. Ideological Account

5. Concession

4. Key elements of negotiations

1. Multiple parties (two or more) are involved.

2. Mixed motives typically exist.

3. Movement of positions held by the parties often occurs over time.

4. All parties have the goal of reaching an agreement.

International negotiation: A four stage process

Stage 1: Non Task sounding

Stage 2: Task related exchange of information

stage 3: Use of persuasion/concessions

Stage 4: Reaching a "good" Agreement