Ch. 2: Computing Components: Processors, Memory, the Cloud, and More

Exam 1

How is a CPU's clock speed measured?

hertz

What is a bit or binary digit?

basic unit of data in computing, represented as either a 0 or a 1.

What is a network?

a collection of hardware and other devices that are connected together so users can share hardware, software, and data, as well as communicate electronically.

What are ports?

are slots located on the exterior of the system unit that are used to connect external hardware devices.

What is a URL?

the address of a specific Web page.

What does Plug and Play refer to?

a standard that allows computers to automatically configure new devices as soon as they are installed.

What is the role of the control unit in the CPU?

coordinates and manages most operations and activities, such as retrieving data and instructions and passing them to the ALU.

What are pixels?

are thousands of colored dots that computers use to save and display images.

What is one billion bytes more commonly called?

gigabyte

What is the ALU?

the component within the CPU that performs mathematical calculations and logical processing.

What is a bus in computing?

is a collection of thin wires that act as an electronic freeway to carry data from one component to another inside the computer.

The location on the motherboard where data and programs are temporarily stored while the user has them open is called?

RAM

The _ is the place where instructions and data flow in and out of the CPU.

Bus Interface Unit

Programs that enable you to download and view Web pages are called?

Browsers

_ _____software are programs that perform tasks related to operating and managing the computer system.

System

A collection of related Web pages belonging to a single organization is known as a?

Website

A ____ is approximately 1,000 bytes.

Kilobyte

_____ is very fast, temporary storage that holds frequently used instructions and data. It is located on or close to the CPU.

Cache

Personal computers normally have _____ operating systems.

Windows

What is the primary purpose of a GPU?

generate and send images to the monitor.