Fundamentals of Gas Turbine Engines

Flashcards covering the fundamentals of Gas Turbine Engines (GTE), including energy types, Newton's Laws of Motion, relationships between force, work, power, energy, velocity, and acceleration. Also covers different types of aircraft turbine engines like turbojets, turbofans, turboprops, and turboshafts.

Energy

The ability to do work.

Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be destroyed, only converted from one form to another.

Newton’s First Law of Motion

A body will remain in its state of rest or if in motion, will continue to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by some external force.

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it and is inversely proportional to its mass, taking place in the direction of the force. F = ma

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

To every acting force, there will be an equal and opposite reacting force

Velocity

Displacement / Time

Acceleration

(Final velocity – Initial Velocity) / Time

Force (Thrust)

mass x acceleration

Work done

Force x Distance

Power

Work / Time

Propulsion

The action of driving or pushing forward.

Thrust

To create the forward reaction, there must be an acting force which is known as thrust.

Turbojet propulsion principle

Accelerate a SMALL mass through a LARGE increase velocity

Turboprop propulsion principle

Accelerate a LARGE mass through a SMALL increase in velocity

Non-Air Breathing Engines

Engines that do not require atmospheric air for combustion.

Air-Breathing Reaction Engines

Engines which use atmospheric air for combustion.

Ramjet Engine

A type of engine that contains no moving parts and must be assisted to attain a speed of more than 400km/h before it can be started

Turbojet Engine

Small frontal area, highest thrust-to-weight ratio ,Low thrust specific fuel consumption (TSFC) at high airspeeds

Turbofan Engine

Two gas streams: cold bypass air and hot turbine discharged air. Fan air accounts for 80% of the thrust.

Turboprop Engine

Fitted with reduction gearbox to reduce the speed of the propeller to about 1000-2000 rpm

Turboshaft Engine

Similar to a turboprop but without a propeller. Delivers torque (shaft horsepower) through an output shaft.