AP HUG Unit 2.11
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26 Terms
Forced migration
Migration that occurs against a person's will because of extreme push factors.
What causes forced migration?
War, persecution, natural disasters, ethnic conflict, or other life-threatening conditions.
Largest example of forced migration in history
The Transatlantic Slave Trade.
Transatlantic Slave Trade
The forced migration of about 12.5 million Africans to the Americas between the 16th and 19th centuries.
Why did the Transatlantic Slave Trade occur?
European imperialism created a demand for enslaved labor on plantations in the Americas.
Refugee
A person who flees their country and crosses an international border to seek safety.
Who qualifies as a refugee?
Someone fleeing persecution, war, or violence who seeks protection in another country.
Asylum
Legal protection granted by another country to refugees fleeing persecution.
Internally displaced person (IDP)
A person forced to leave their home but who remains within their own country's borders.
Difference between a refugee and an IDP
A refugee crosses an international border; an IDP remains within their home country.
Voluntary migration
Migration that occurs because people choose to move.
Transnational migration
Migration in which people move to another country while maintaining strong ties to their home country.
Remittances
Money migrants send back to family members in their home country.
Transhumance
The seasonal movement of pastoral nomads and their livestock between grazing areas.
Internal migration
Migration that occurs within the borders of a single country.
What did Ravenstein observe about most migration?
Most migration occurs over relatively short distances.
Chain migration
Migration in which earlier migrants encourage family and friends to move to the same destination.
Step migration
Migration that occurs in stages rather than one direct move.
Guest workers
Temporary migrants who move to another country to fill labor shortages.
Example of guest workers
Western Europe recruited guest workers after World War II to rebuild its economy.
Rural-to-urban migration
Movement of people from rural areas to cities.