Measures of Central Tendency

mean

The ________ is the arithmetic average of a set of observations, calculated by dividing the sum of the observations by the number of observations. Its formula is ∑x/n.

Geometric Mean

The _________is used as a better estimator than the arithmetic mean for data that is exponential or shows a growth type pattern

Median

The _______ is the middlemost observation in a set of observations that has been arranged in numerical order.

arrange

To find the median, the first step is to _____the observations in an array, from lowest to highest or vice versa.

middlemost

If the number of observations (n) is odd, the median is the _________ observation.

average

If n is even, it is the ________ of the two middlemost observations.

Mode

The _____ is the value that occurs most frequently in a set of observations.

Mode

While the mean and median always exist in a dataset, the ____ sometimes does not.

Mean

The ____ is the only measure of central tendency that takes every value into account and is affected by extreme values

Median

The ____ is a good choice if there are extreme values in the data, as it is not affected by them.

Mode

The ____  is appropriate for nominal data.

Normal

In a ______ distribution, the mean, median, and mode are located at the center and are equal.

left

A distribution is skewed to the ____  when the mean is less than the median, and the median is less than the mode

right

A distribution is skewed to the _____  when the mean is greater than the median, and the median is greater than the mode.

dispersion

Measures of variation or _______ describe the spread or degree of variability in the data.

Range

The _____ is the simplest measure of dispersion, calculated as the difference between the highest and lowest values.

Variance

The _______ is the average of the squared deviations from the mean.

Standard Deviation

The ______ is the square root of the variance. The higher this value, the more variable the data.

Coefficient of Variation (CV)

The ____________ ___________ is a measure of relative dispersion that expresses the standard deviation as a percentage of the mean

Quantiles

are descriptive measures that designate certain positions on the horizontal axis of a variable's distribution graph.

Percentiles (Pi)

are the 99 values that divide a distribution into 100 equal parts.

Deciles (Di)

are the 9 values that divide a distribution into 10 equal parts.

Quartiles (Qi)

are the 3 values that divide a distribution into 4 equal parts.

10th

The 1st Decile is equal to the ____ Percentile

75th

the 3rd Quartile is equal to the _____ Percentile.