Chapter 1: Intro to Law

Definition of Law

A rule of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power in a state, commanding what is right, and prohibiting what is wrong.

Functions of Law

To maintain stability in the social, political, and economic system through various means.

Definition of Legal Sanctions

Means by which the law enforces the decisions of the courts.

Definition of Laws and Morals

Different but overlapping: law provides sanctions, while morals do not.

Definition of Law and Justice

Separate and distinct concepts; justice is the fair, equitable, and impartial treatment of competing interests with due regard for the common good.

Definition of Civil law

Law dealing with rights and duties the violation of which constitutes a wrong against an individual or other legal entity.

Definition of Criminal law

Law establishing duties which, if violated, constitute a wrong against the entire community.

Definition of sue

To begin a lawsuit in a court.

Definition of Defendant

The person whom a legal action is brought against.

Definition of Plaintiff

The person who initiates a civil suit.

Definition of Prosecute

To bring a criminal proceeding against.

Definition of Ordinances

City law; local law, controlled by city council.

Jones v. Brown

Which is the Plaintiff and which is the Defendant

Jones is the Plaintiff, Brown is the Defendant

Definition of IRAC Method

The legal analysis/reasoning method.

What does IRAC stand for?

Issues, Rules, Application/Analysis, and Conclusion

Definition of Decision

Who won? Who lost? What did the court say happen?

Definition of Opinion

Is the question why? Explains the decision.

Which is the higher standard for behavior, law or ethics?

Ethics

Definition of Judicial Review

Judicial system reviewing the action of the other branches of government to make sure they are all following the law the correct way.

What can the Judicial system do when reviewing?

If a public agency or lower branch does not follow the constitution, it can declare them void.

Definition of Treaty

An agreement between two or more nations.