Chapter 19 - Testing Considerations, Patient History, Mechanisms of Disease, and Physical Examination

D

Which of the following characteristics are assessed during preoperative evaluation of the superficial venous system?
a. vein patency
b. vein depth and size
c. vein position
d. all of the above

D

How many common configurations does the thigh portion of the great saphenous vein have?
a. 10
b. two
c. four
d. five

B

What is a vein that penetrates the muscular fascia of the leg and connects the superficial system to the deep system?
a. accessory saphenous vein
b. perforating vein
c. deep muscular vein
d. venous sinus

A

To maximize venous pressure and distention, in what position should the patient's limbs be placed when mapping the superficial venous system?
a. dependent
b. elevated
c. contracted
d. adducted

C

What measures can be taken to ensure that a patient's vessels do not vasoconstrict?
a. Keep the examination room cool and the patient uncovered.
b. Keep the examination room cool but cover the patient, only exposing the limb being evaluated.
c. Keep the examination room warm and cover the patient, only exposing the limb being evaluated.
d. Keep the examination room warm and only cover the foot of the limb being evaluated.

A

Because the superficial veins are under low pressure and just under the skin, what type of transducer compression must be used to compress these veins?
a. light
b. heavy
c. moderate
d. extreme

C

Which of the following describes the proper technique for marking a superficial vein in a longitudinal image orientation?
a. Vein should appear ovoid in shape; transducer should be perpendicular to skin surface.
b. Vein should appear ovoid in shape; transducer should be oblique to skin surface.
c. Vein should fill screen from left to right; transducer should be perpendicular to skin surface.
d. Vein should fill screen from left to right; transducer should be oblique to skin surface.

B

At what distance should marks be placed along the length of the vein when marking?
a. 2 to 3 in
b. 2 to 3 cm
c. 5 to 6 cm
d. 8 to 9 cm

B

When mapping and marking the superficial veins, what is the transverse orientation useful to help identify?
a. the relationship of the superficial veins to the deep veins
b. branch points and vein diameter
c. vein diameter only
d. branch points and perforator location only

D

When measuring vein diameters for use as a conduit, how should the veins be measured?
a. outer wall to outer wall
b. outer wall to inner wall
c. inner wall to outer wall
d. inner wall to inner wall

A

In which part of the arm are the superficial veins easiest to identify?
a. upper arm
b. forearm
c. near the wrist
d. at the antecubital fossa

B

Why are the vessels easier to identify at the upper arm?
a. The vessels are deeper and smaller in diameter.
b. The vessels are larger and have the least amount of branches.
c. The vessels are more superficial with multiple branches.
d. The vessels follow the deep system.

C

Which landmark can be used to identify the cephalic vein in the upper arm?
a. brachial artery
b. radial artery
c. biceps muscle
d. clavicle

D

Which transducer frequency would be most appropriate for mapping of the cephalic vein?
a. 7 MHz
b. 3.5 MHz
c. 10 MHz
d. 15 MHz

B

During a vein mapping procedure, the technologist visualizes a portion of the great saphenous vein that is partially compressible with decreased phasicity upon Doppler interrogation. What does this most likely represent?
a. acute, occlusive thrombosis
b. partial thrombosis of the great saphenous vein section
c. postthrombotic changes in a varicosity
d. normal findings in the great saphenous vein

D

Which condition results in a vein that is unusable as a bypass conduit?
a. wall thickening with evidence of recanalization
b. vein wall calcifications
c. isolated valve abnormalities
d. all of the above

B

During a venous mapping procedure, the patient notes that she has had prior vein stripping; however, the technologist finds a large superficial vein on the anterior medial aspect of the thigh. What does this most likely represent?
a. the main great saphenous vein, which has recanalized
b. the anterior accessory saphenous vein, which has become dominant
c. the posterior accessory saphenous vein, which has become dominant
d. a varicosity that should not be evaluated

C

What minimum size is required for a vein to be used as a conduit?
a. 1.0 to 2.0 mm
b. 1.0 to 2.0 cm
c. 2.5 to 3.0 mm
d. 1.5 to 2.0 mm

B

During a venous mapping procedure, the technologist notes a thin, echogenic line protruding into the vessel lumen that does not appear to be mobile. The patient does not have a history of previous superficial thrombophlebitis. What does this finding likely represent?
a. chronic thrombosis
b. stenotic, frozen valve
c. vein wall calcification
d. varicosity

D

When using color and spectral Doppler to evaluate the superficial venous system, which settings should be used?
a. high gain and high PRF/scale
b. low gain and high PRF/scale
c. low gain and low PRF/scale
d. high gain and low PRF/scale