New Deal Programs

Shortened the time a defeated president remained in office – moved the inauguration date from March 4th to January 20th

20th Amendment

Repealed the 18th Amendment - Prohibition

21st Amendment

Refers to any governmental body, sometimes a major unit headed by a single administrator of near-cabinet status.

Agency and Administration

Encouraged farmers to reduce production (and thereby boosting prices) by offering to pay government subsidies for every acre they plowed under.

Agricultural Adjustment Administration

Represented ‘skilled workers (plumbers, carpenters, electricians)

American Federation of Labor

Allowed the regulated sale and federal taxation of alcoholic beverages throughout the United States

Beer and Wine Revenue Act

Refers to major elements within executive departments.

Bureau and Service

Agency hired laborers for temporary construction projects sponsored by the federal government

Civil Works Administration

Employed young men on projects on federal lands and paid their families small monthly sums.

Civilian Conservation Corps

Refers to agencies charged with the regulation of business activities, and investigative, advisory, and reporting bodies

Commission

Organizing unskilled workers in the automobile, steel, and southern textile industries

(Committee) Congress of Industrial Organizations

Refers to agencies that conduct business-like activities

Corporation or Authority

Authorized the government to examine the finances of banks closed during the bank holiday and reopen those judged to be sound.

Emergency Banking Relief Act

Established several regulations on businesses in interstate commerce:  A minimum wage, initially fixed at 40 cents an hour, A maximum standard workweek of 40 hours, with extra pay (“time-and-a-half ”) for overtime, Child labor restrictions on hiring people under 16 years old

Fair Labor Standards Act

Guaranteed individual bank deposits.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Offered outright grants of federal money to states and local governments that were operating soup kitchens and other forms of relief for the jobless and homeless.

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

Gave both the building industry and homeowners a boost by insuring bank loans for building, repairing, and purchasing houses

Federal Housing Administration

Increased regulation of the banks and limited how banks could invest customers’ money

Glass-Steagall Act

Provided refinancing of small homes to prevent foreclosures.

Home Owners Loan Corporation

Returned former reservation lands to the control of tribes

Indian Reorganization (Wheeler-Howard) Act

Aimed to increase the number of Supreme Court justices, allowing him to appoint younger, more liberal justices to ensure the New Deal programs were upheld

Judicial-Reorganization Bill

Aimed at stimulating the economy through industry self-regulation and public works

National Industrial Recovery Act

Guarantees the rights of private sector employees to organize into unions, engage in collective bargaining, and take collective action like strikes

National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act

Guarantee reasonable profits for business and fair wages and hours for labor

National Recovery Administration

Welfare for the needy (non-payers of social insurance).  Federal and State funded programs to help elderly, disabled, and dependent children who had to prove they were in need.

Public Assistance

Action taken to stimulate an economy, such as through government spending or reductions in interest rates and taxes.

“Pump Priming”

Allotted money to state and local governments for building roads, bridges, dams, and other public works

Public Works Administration

Raised federal income tax on higher income levels, by introducing the "Wealth Tax"

Revenue Act of 1935

Provided loans for electrical cooperatives to supply power in rural areas.

Rural Electrification Administration

The Supreme Court ruled that the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) was unconstitutional, finding that Congress had improperly delegated legislative power to the executive branch and exceeded its authority under the Commerce Clause.

Schechter v. U.S.

Created to regulate the stock market and to place strict limits on speculative practices, and required full audits of, and financial disclosure by corporations to protect investors from fraud and insider trading.

Securities and Exchange Commission

Provided old-age pensions for most workers in the private sector to be financed by a federal tax that both employers and employees would pay

Social Insurance

Established a national old-age insurance program and made it easier for states to establish unemployment and welfare compensation programs

Social Security Act

Taught plains farmers who remained on their land to rotate crops, terrace fields, use contour plowing, and plant trees to stop soil erosion and conserve water.

Soil Conservation Service

An experiment in regional development and public planning to build dams, operate electric power plants, control flooding and erosion, and manufacture fertilizer.

Tennessee Valley Authority

Gave unemployed workers some income for a number of weeks while they looked for a job.  $$$ came from payroll taxes paid by employers - established a joint federal-state system of unemployment compensation

Unemployment Insurance

Aimed to provide jobs and relief by funding public works projects, including infrastructure, arts, and cultural initiatives

Works Progress Administration