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Friction is a force that __________ the movement of an object.
resists
__________ is the friction between two objects that prevents them from sliding across each other.
Traction
A __________ is a substance that reduces friction between surfaces.
Lubricant
__________ is the sticking together of two different materials.
Adhesion
__________ is the force that attracts objects toward each other, e.g., Earth’s gravity pulls objects toward it.
Gravity
__________ refers to the attraction between molecules or materials of the same type, causing them to stick together.
Cohesion
__________ is the frictional force that slows down an object moving through air or water.
Drag
__________ is the study of how an object’s shape affects its movement through air or water, aiming to reduce drag.
Aerodynamics
The __________ states that objects closer together exert a stronger gravitational pull than those farther apart.
Law of Universal Gravitation
__________ is a force acting on a body moving in a circular path, directed toward the center.
Centripetal Force
The __________ is the maximum speed an object reaches when falling through the atmosphere under the influence of gravity.
Terminal Velocity
The reason you slow down when hitting a dry patch on a water slide is that there is __________ when there is no water compared to when water is present.
less friction
The wet bar of soap is slippery because it has __________ compared to a dry one.
less friction
Friction is stronger on rough surfaces than on smooth surfaces because rough surfaces have __________ points of contact.
more
Water decreases friction more than oil because it is __________ than oil, allowing it to flow and reduce friction more effectively.
less viscous
When we talk about adhesion, we usually refer to __________ substances.
sticky
When rubbing your hands together, the __________ you rub, the more friction is created, which leads to heat.
harder
You need special boots for rocky hikes because they provide __________, reducing the risk of slipping.
better grip
Cohesion refers to the __________ between molecules of the same material.
attraction
__________ is the term we use for sticky items.
Adhesives
If your car is stuck in the mud, it is better to put __________ and rocks under it.
sticks
Ballerinas don’t slip while spinning because the crew puts a sticky substance on the stage to increase __________.
traction
The Latin word for fluid is __________.
Fluo
Water slows you down underwater because it exerts __________ against you as you move.
friction
American football players use special gloves made from polymers to increase __________ between the ball and their hands.
traction
It is difficult to keep your hand level when holding it out of a car window because of __________—the resistance created by air.
drag
Jets, submarines, fish, and birds are shaped to reduce __________ and optimize aerodynamics.
drag
Energy is the ability to __________.
do work
__________ energy refers to energy of motion (e.g., running, speaking).
Kinetic
__________ energy is stored energy waiting to be used (e.g., a stretched rubber band).
Potential
The Law of __________ states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.
Conservation of Energy
Chemical energy is stored in __________, fuel, and batteries.
food
__________ energy is energy from moving particles, like fire or boiling water.
Thermal
__________ energy is the energy in moving objects, like a rolling ball.
Mechanical
Electrical energy is energy from moving __________.
electrons
__________ energy travels in waves through air or water.
Sound
__________ energy is stored in atoms and released through nuclear reactions.
Nuclear
Fossil fuels are formed from buried plants and __________ over thousands of years.
animals
Coal is burned to produce __________.
electricity
Natural gas is used for __________ and cooking.
heating
Non-renewable energy sources take __________ of years to form.
millions
Solar energy is power from the __________, used in solar panels.
sun
Wind energy generates electricity using __________.
turbines
Hydropower uses flowing water to turn __________.
turbines
Geothermal energy utilizes heat from __________ the Earth.
inside
____________ is made from plants like corn and sugarcane.
Biofuels
Fossil fuels cause __________ but are currently the most widely used.
pollution
