Study Set on Laryngeal Anatomy and Physiology for Speech-Language Pathology

Infrahyoid muscles

What muscles overlay the larynx

C3-6

What vertebra is equal to the larynx

Attachment for anterior neck muscles; keeps proximal airway open

The hyoid bone is an attachment for __

What is its function in terms of the airway?

Suspend hyoid bone, raise hyoid during swallowing and tone production, constitute floor of the oral cavity

3 functions of the suprahyoid muscles

Anterior belly of digastric; innervated by nerve to mylohyoid from CN V3

What muscle attaches from mandible to hyoid to depress mandible?

Innervation?

Posterior belly of digastric; innervated by facial nerve

What muscle elevates hyoid and is between mastoid process and hyoid?

Innervation?

Stylohyoid muscles; innervated by facial nerve

Attach from styloid process of temporal bone to hyoid

What innervated it?

Mylohyoid muscles; innervated by mylohyoid nerve (CN V3)

What muscle attaches from body of hyoid to mylohyoid line of the mandible?

Innervation?

Geniogyoid; innervated by C1

What muscle attaches from inferior mental spines of mandible to body of hyoid bone?

Innervation?

Mylohyoid and geniohyoid

What makes up the floor of the oral cavity?

Digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid

What are the 4 suprahyoid muscles?

Omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

What are the four infrahyoid muscles?

Ansa cervicalis

What innervated the majority of the infrahyoid muscles?

Thyrohyoid muscle is innervated by the thyrohyoid nerve

What is the exception the to the Innervation of infrahyoid muscles?

Anchor and depress hyoid and larynx during swallowing and speaking

What is the function of the infrahyoid muscles

Omohyoid muscle

What muscle has 2 bellies; inferior and superior connect the should to the hyoid

infrahyoid

Sternohyoid

What muscle spans from the manubrium to the hyoid bone

Sternothyroid

What muscle spans from manubrium to oblique line of they thyroid cartilage

Thyrohyoid

What muscle spans from oblique line of thyroid cartilage to hyoid bone

Ansa cervicalis

Loop of nerve fibers from ventral rami of cervical nerve plexus C1-C3

Provides motor Innervation to infrahyoid muscles

What is the function of the Ansa cervicalis

Hypoglossal nerve

What nerve is involved with Ansa cervicalis

Carotid sheath

The Ansa cervicalis lies anterior to the surface of the __

Elastic cartilage

What cartilage makes up the epiglottis

Hyaline cartilage

What cartilage makes up most of the larynx

Vestibular and vocal folds

What does the arytenoid cartilage attache to?

Cricothyroid and cricoarytenoid

What are the 2 joints of the larynx?

Gliding and rotational movements; length of VFs

2 functions of cricothyroid joint

Pivots arytenoid cartilages; abducts and adducts VFs

2 functions of cricoarytenoid joint

Inferior horn of thyroid cartilage

What forms the cricothyroid joint

Median and lateral thyrohyoid ligaments, and cricotracheal ligament

What are the three extrinsic ligaments

Vestibular ligament

False VFs other name

Lateral cricothyroid ligament

What is the conus elasticus

Vestibule (supraglottic space)

Space above vestibular folds

Ventricle

Space between vestibular and vocal folds

Infraglottic space

Space below VFs

Cricothyrotomy

What is the easiest/fastest way to the airway; inserts an endotracheal tube through cricothyroid membrane

Tracheostomy

Surgery between 4th and 5th trachial rings; for long term

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Innervates all laryngeal muscles except cricothyroid

Oblique arytenoid, transverse arytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid

What 3 muscles adduct VFs

Posterior cricoarytenoid

What muscle abducts VFs

Cricothyroid (innervated by external laryngeal nerve)

What laryngeal muscle is not innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve? What innervates it?

Cricothyroid

What muscle tenses the VFs

Pulls thyroid cartilage anteriorly and inferiorly; increases pitch

What does the cricothyroid do?

Thyroarytenoid, thyromuscularis, and thyrovocalis

What 3 muscles relax VFs?

Pulls arytenoid cartilage anteriorly and decreases pitch

What does the thyroarytenoid do?

Internal laryngeal nerve (off of superior laryngeal nerve)

What nerve provides sensory to larynx superior to VFs; aka guardian of the airway

Through an opening in the thyrohyoid membrane

Where does the internal laryngeal nerve enter the larynx

External laryngeal nerve

Provides motor to cricothyroid

Superior thyroid artery

What artery runs close to the external laryngeal nerve

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Provides sensory to inferior larynx

In the tracheoesophageal groove

Where does the recurrent laryngeal nerve course through