CIE IGCSE Biology Unit 5: Enzymes

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9 Terms

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Enzymes

proteins that function as biological catalysts

<p>proteins that function as biological catalysts</p>
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Catalyst

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction and is not changed by the reaction

<p>a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction and is not changed by the reaction</p>
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Importance of Enzymes

Helps catalyse reactions that otherwise occurs too slowly to sustain life

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Enzyme Action

1. Specific substrate enters active site

2. Forms enzyme-substrate complex

3. Substrate becomes product and leaves active site

<p>1. Specific substrate enters active site</p><p>2. Forms enzyme-substrate complex</p><p>3. Substrate becomes product and leaves active site</p>
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Substrate

Substance on which an enzyme converts to products by building up or breaking down

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Active Site

Where the substrate fits and reaction take place

<p>Where the substrate fits and reaction take place</p>
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Temperature effect on enzymes

Enzyme activity increases as temperature increases up to optimum temperature due to greater kinetic energy increasing between enzymes and substrate.

<p>Enzyme activity increases as temperature increases up to optimum temperature due to greater kinetic energy increasing between enzymes and substrate.</p>
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pH effect on enzymes

Enzyme activity optimizes at the optimum pH and decreases if pH is changed.

<p>Enzyme activity optimizes at the optimum pH and decreases if pH is changed.</p>
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Denature

The loss of an enzyme's active site shape due to temperature, and pH and causes the enzyme to cease functioning

<p>The loss of an enzyme's active site shape due to temperature, and pH and causes the enzyme to cease functioning</p>