CH 41 Terms - Quiz #1

Terms from exercises 1 & 3

Coccygeus muscles

One of two muscles in the pelvic diaphragm; located on the posterior pelvic floor, where it supports the coccyx

False pelvis

Portion of the pelvis found above the brim; that portion of the abdominal cavity cradled by the iliac fossae

True pelvis

Pelvic cavity found below the brim of the pelvis

Iliacus muscle

Paired triangular, flat muscles that cover the inner cured surface of the iliac fossae; arise from the iliac fossae, and join the psoas major muscles to form the lateral walls of the pelvis

Iliopectineal line

a bony ridge on the inner surface of the ilium and pubic bones that divides the true and false pelves

levator ani

one of two muscles of the pelvic diaphragm that stretch across the floor of the pelvic cavity like a hammock, supporting the pelvic organs and surrounding the urethra, vagina, and rectum; a broad thin muscle that consist of the pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus, and puborectalis muscles

Obturator internus muscle

A triangular sheet of muscle that arises from the anterolateral pelvic wall and surrounds the obturator foramen; passes through the lesser sciatic foramen and inserts into the medial aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur; serves to rotate and abduct the thigh

Piriformis muscle

Flat, pyramidal muscle arising from the anterior sacrum, passing through the greater sciatic notch to insert into the superior aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur; serves to rotate and abduct the thigh

Psoas major muscle

Paired muscle that originates at the transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae and extends inferiorly through the false pelvis on the pelvic sidewall, where it unites with the iliacus muscle to form the iliopsoas muscle before inserting into the lesser trochanter of the femur; serves to flex the thigh toward the pelvis

Striations

Parallel longitudinal lines commonly seen in muscle tissue when imaged sonographically; appear as hyperechoic parallel lines running in the long axis of the hypoechoic muscle tissue

Dysmenorrhea

Pain associated with menstruation

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the growth and maturation of graafian follicles in the ovary

Gonadotropin

Hormonal substance that stimulates the function of the testes and the ovaries

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone by the anterior pituitary gland

Luteinizing hormone

Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates ovulation and then induces luteinization of the ruptured follicle to form the corpus luteum

Menarche

Refers to the onset of menstruation and the commencement of cyclic menstrual function; usually occurs between 11 and 13 years of age

Menopause

Refers to cessation of menstruation

Menses

Periodic flow of blood and cellular debris that occurs during menstruation

Menorrhagia

Abnormally heavy or long menstrual periods

Oligomenorrhea

Abnormally light menstrual periods

Premenarche

Time period in young girls before the onset of menstruation

Amenorrhea

Absence of menstruation