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a. niacin
Only hypolipidemic vitamin
a. niacin
b. Thiamine
c. Riboflavin
d. Folic acid
a. Colestipol
An example of bile acid sequestrant
a. Colestipol
b. Atorvastatin
c. Ezetimibe
d. Niacin
a. Simvastatin
HMG coA reductase inhibitors
a. Simvastatin
b. Cholestyramine
c. Fenofibrate
d. Ezetimibe
a. Ezetimibe
A drug that inhibits the absorption of dietary cholesterol
a. Ezetimibe
b. Niacin
c. Colesevelam
d. Cerivastatin
b. LDL
Bad cholesterol
a. HDL
b. LDL
c. VLDL
d. chylomicron
high LDL, low HDL
increases the risk of atherosclerosis (build-up of fats, cholesterol and other substances in the artery)
Problems with Hyperlipidemia
Decrease LDL, Increase HDL
Goal of therapy for Hyperlipidemia
Chylomicron
VLDL
LDL
HDL
Lipoproteins:
Chylomicron
transport dietary lipids from the intestines to adipose tissue and liver
VLDL
delivers TG to adipose tissue
LDL
transports Cholesterol to peripheral tissues for incorporation into cell membranes, sterols, and steroids
BAD cholesterol
LDL is known as:
GOOD cholesterol
HDL is known as:
HDL
This lipoprotein acquires cholesterol from tissues
atherosclerosis
High LDL can cause what disease?
hypercholesteremia
High cholesterol can cause what disease?
pancreatitis
High VLDL can cause what disease?
hypertriglycerimia
High TG/TAG can cause what disease?
STATINS
BILE ACID-BINDING RESINS
EZETIMIBE
NIACIN (NICOTINIC ACID)
FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVES
HYPOLIPIDEMIC AGENTS
Statins
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Tx hypercholesterolemia (lowers blood cholesterol)
Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Pitavastatin, Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin
Example of Statins:
Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin
statins that have long half-life so they can given any time
GIT Upset (Constipation, Diarrhea), Rhabdomyolysis, Hepatitis (rare)
Statins A/E:
Bile Acid-Binding Resins
moderately effective drugs for hypercholesterolemia ONLY
MOA: increase fecal excretion of bile acid
Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam
Bile Acid-Binding Resins drugs:
Constipation, fecal impaction
Bile Acid-Binding Resins drugs s/e:
Ezetimibe
unique drug that inhibits the absorption of dietary cholesterol
used alone or in combination with statins for hypercholesterolemia
headache, myalgia
Ezetimibe A/E:
Niacin
only hypolipidemic vitamin
MOA: inhibits formation & secretion of VLDL
Use: hypertriglyceridemia
Vitamin B3
Niacin drugs:
Niacin Flush, Hepatitis, Hyperglycemia, Hyperuricemia
Niacin drugs’ A/E:
Fibric Acid Derivatives
MOA: (+) PPAR-α activation of LDL (catalyzes the removal of TG from VLDL) → low VLDL
Effects: Low VLDL (highest), Low LDLC, High HDL-C
Clofibrate, Gemfibrozil, Fenofibrate
Fibric Acid Derivatives’ drugs:
GI problem , blood cell deficiencies (rare)
Fibric Acid Derivatives drugs’ A/E: