11Self-Concept & Self-Esteem

self-concept

self-description according to various categories, like external/internal qualities

self-esteem

evaluative judgment about who we are

categorical self

focus on external qualities like physical descriptors, preferred activities, and favorite possessions

language limitations

hinders ability of young children to express their self-knowledge

positive self-image

children tend to have this as a result of lack of social comparison when making self-evaluation

self-control

includes response initiation, response inhibition, and delayed gratification

marshmallow test

children confronted with choice of small immediate reward or large delayed reward

response initiation

ability to not initiate behavior before you have evaluated all the information

response inhibition

ability to stop behavior that has already begun

delayed gratification

ability to hold out for a larger reward for forgoing a smaller immediate reward

delayed gratification

age 4 = predicted better academic performance and health later in life

executive function

self-control is related to ________: if more ______ = less impulse