Lab 9 Repiratory system anatomy

Upper respiratory tract

Nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.

Nasal cavity

Internal chamber of the nose that warms, filters, and humidifies air.

Pharynx

The muscular tube (throat) shared by the respiratory and digestive systems.

Larynx

The "voice box" between the pharynx and trachea made of cartilages.

Lower respiratory tract

The trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs.

Trachea

The "windpipe" that conducts air from the larynx to the lungs.

Bronchial tree

Branched system of air passages from the trachea to the alveoli.

Lungs

Main organs of respiration where gas exchange occurs.

Conducting portion

Structures from the nose to terminal bronchioles that move air.

Respiratory portion

Sites of gas exchange; includes respiratory bronchioles and alveoli.

Terminal bronchioles

The final segments of the conducting portion.

Alveoli

Microscopic air sacs where gas exchange between air and blood happens.

Goblet cells

Mucus-secreting cells found in the respiratory epithelium.

Vestibule

The anterior-most part of the nasal cavity just inside the nostrils.

Cribriform plate

Perforated ethmoid bone forming the roof of the nasal cavity.

Frontal sinus

Air-filled cavity located within the frontal bone.

Sphenoidal sinus

Air-filled cavity located within the sphenoid bone.

Ethmoid sinus

Collection of small air cells within the ethmoid bone.

Maxillary sinus

The largest paranasal sinus, located in the cheekbones.

Internal nares

Posterior openings of the nasal cavity leading to the nasopharynx.

Hard palate

Bony anterior roof of the mouth separating nasal and oral cavities.

Soft palate

Muscular posterior roof of the mouth.

Meati

Narrow passages beneath the nasal conchae for air flow.

Nasal conchae

Bony ridges on the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.

Nasal septum

Partition of bone and cartilage dividing the nasal cavity.

Nasopharynx

Superior pharynx segment posterior to the nasal cavity.

Oropharynx

Middle pharynx segment posterior to the oral cavity.

Laryngopharynx

Inferior pharynx segment connecting to the larynx/esophagus.

Epiglottis

Elastic cartilage lid that covers the larynx during swallowing.

Uvula

Projection from the soft palate that helps seal the nasopharynx.