Endorsements, regs, FAR/AIM, runway fun facts

Do you need an engine/brakes to fly? why?

Yes under part 23 of title 14

Flight instructor eligibility

you need commercial pilot cert or ATP and it needs to be category and class specific

ex. ASEL —> CFI

ex. AMEL —> MEI

T/F: you can do MEI before having your CFI

true! Do it in any order

what do you need to have

name of each person you endorsed for solos and practical tests, kind of test, results, and date for 3 years

you don’t have to keep track for knowledge test endorsements if you have AGI and IGI

you can get gold seal if you…

have AGI and IGI and an 80 percent pass rate on practical tests you endorse

T/F you should have 200 hours of dual given and have held your CFI cert for 24 cal months

how do you prevent your flight instructor cert from lapsing

FIRK (flight instructor renewal course) or by 80% pass rate in the last 24 call months, minimum 5 students, within 3 cal months of month of expiration

how do you re-instate your CFI cert after it has expired

do a checkride for an additional rating or do your CFI again

what reg talks about inspections/need for annual/maintenance

91.409 and 91.407

when you get into an aircraft accident, is it ok to touch it?

no! never touch. it interferes with investigation

to legally vector your IFR student to

more than 3miles from FAF at no more than a 30 degree angle

Should you let your student fill out the description of the flight?

No, according to Thrust

If you endorse a student, you should have done what, for every single rating

Personally trained them in the last 3 months

Do you need to retake written if you are going from private SEL-R (rotorcraft) to private ASEL

no, check regs

Do you receive a student pilot cert if you are a helicopter pilot transferring to ASEL?

61.31D2 NO! you give them an A76

Runway centerline lights color and color progression

white, last 1000ft become white-red alternating, and then full red

What color are LAHSO lights

in ground pulsating white. No formal name for these

What color are runway guard lights

yellow/amber, and they can be elevated or in pavement

enhanced centerline begins how far before runway

150ft

fuse vs circuit breaker

fuses are not accessible, and cannot be reset

how do you preflight a night flight

with a red light, and wait 30 minutes if your night vision is disrupted

Can you legally log solo time without the solo endorsement

no

Does night solo require its own separate endorsement

yes

Pre-solo endorsement

61.87 B, C, D — knowledge test and airplane training. Can be given as a single endorsement

What is the 90 day solo endorsement

61.87N

What is the night solo endorsement

61.87O

Do you need a new endorsement if your 90 day solo is up?

Yes, that’s 61.87P

XC solo what endorsements do you need?

61.87BCD (pre-solo) AND 61.93 (solo training endorsement).

This must come from your primary instructor

AND review of XC flight planning morning of—can come from anyone

Does the review of XC flight planning have to come from your primary instructor?

No—it can be anyone

What are the two types of Class B student solo endorsements?

airspace and airport

Where can you find the list of B airports that do not accept student solos?

AIM 3-2-3

What endorsements do you need for a private student start to finish if they are soloing from KADS over to KDAL for their checkride?

A1 pre-req to practical test

A2 review of deficiencies on airman knowledge test

A3 pre-solo knowledge

A4 pre-solo training

A6 61.87n 90 day solo

A9 xc one time

A10 xc flight review each time

A12 Bravo airspace just in case (KADS is below B so you don’t really need it)

A13 Bravo airport

A36 Aeronautical knowledge

A37 Flight practical endorsement

A77 retest if it’s their second time

flight practical endorsement vs flight

A1 preq. for practical test — they have completed required minimum training

A37 flight proficiency — they have completed required training AND you endorse them and are confident that they are proficient (meet or exceed expectations) in all ACS maneuvers

What’s a good resource to listen to for endorsements?

Tod Shellnut videos on youtube

if private takes 40 hours and you need 10 hours solo and 20 hours dual, where do the other 10 hours come from?

The list of required maneuvers to be proficient prior to solo per part 61

Is there any minimum solo time requirement?

nope, any time they deem you are ready

Do you need any instrument time to solo? Does your student need to have practiced with an E6B or any flight tools?

yes and yes you actually do. Per 61.93(e)(12 and 1)

what does a private helicopter pilot have to do to become a commercial airplane pilot

A1 pre req

A2 deficiencies

A38 aeronautical knowledge test

A39 flight proficiency

Possibly A69 biannual flight review if they havent flown in 2 years to act as PIC

A76 to act as PIC (subs 90 day endorsement)

A78 additional category or class rating other than ATP

2 types of endorsements to keep in your CFI records

5 year TSA proof of citizenship endorsement

3 year practical and solo endorsements

Do CFI records need to be kept in a logbook

no—you can put them in a notebook

Do you need to retake written if youre going from private ASEL to commercial rotorcraft?

yes not because of category/class but because private —> commercial

What does a FIRC stand for?

Flight Instructor REFRESHER (not renewal) course

Is there any date on the CFI cert?

Not really, and it doesn’t expire. it’s like a biannual flight review—keep up with it every 24 cal months to keep it valid.

Is flight instructor renewed if you go get a commercial seaplane certificate?

NO!!! It is renewed if you add a rating onto your CFI cert., not your commercial or private cert. For example, if you get your MEI, that counts as your 24 cal month CFI cert. renewal.

Explain the 3 calendar month grace period for the CFI certificates

The three-calendar-month rule allows Certified Flight Instructors (CFIs) to reinstate their privileges within three months after their recent experience end date has passed, without losing their certification

(so it is every 24 cal months + 3 = 27 cal months)

explain aerodynamics of cross-controlled stalls

stall + uncoordinated = spin

what 3 kinds of endorsements do you need to keep for 3 years?

practical test, knowledge test, and solo endorsements

T/F: if you get your single engine sea and you have your ASEL CFI cert, you are now a SES CFI

False! You must complete an entirely new checkride to be a SES CFI, even if you are a commerical SES pilot. You don’t have to retake the written, though

T/F: if you complete your FIRC prior to 3 months before the ending of the 24 cal months your CFI cert is valid for, then the month of renewal changes to the new month you completed it in

True

can your student pilot solo a C172 if they trained in a PA28-181?

No! Your endorsements are make and model specific

what instrument training does a student pilot need to complete prior to solo? reg?

dead-reckoning and flight by reference solely to instruments PER 61.93e(1) and 61.93e(12)!!!!!

can you be a commercial pilot without your instrument rating and qualify as a flight instructor?

No. Even to become a normal CFI (not CFII) you need to hold at least a commercial certificate with an instrument rating

what is another term for incidental learning?

multifaceted learning

what is dysbarism

physiological discomfort brought on by pressure changes

3 kinds of spatial orientation

vestibular, visual, kinesthetic

wide runway means you come in high or low?

high (easy to remember—both 4 letters)

8 striped runway is how wide?

100 feet

how long are the 1000 footers?

150ft

how long is each runway stripe?

120ft

how long are the runway stripe gaps?

80 ft

assessment vs. critique vs. evaluation

assessment is summative (ex. checkride)

critique is for student

evaluation is for the instructor

Regulations for aircraft inspection

91.407 and 91.409

if you endorse a student, you need to have personally trained them when?

past 3 months

when is the ILS critical area possibly active at an untowered airport?

when ceilings are below 800ft and 2sm visibility

What are 91.119 A, B, and C

91.119 minimum safe altitudes

A) altitude allowing a safe landing in event of emergency

B) 1000ft above congested areas

C) 500ft above non-congested areas

in a practiced emergency descent, you need to recover by what altitude

500AGL (1200ft in KADS practice area)

Where do PAPIs lead you?

To the 1000 footers

how many hours of flight training do you have to do in the past 2 calendar months prior to the months of the practical test (checkride)?

3 hours in the past 2 calendar months per 61.109

how do you properly recover from unusual attitudes, per the PHAK?

unload the wings first! (as in, roll out any bank)

then brown power down, blue power through

trick to teaching straight and level flight

—pick a point and fly to it

—2.5 degrees pitch attitude and then put fist on dash and count number of fingers between dash and horizon. Use that as your visual reference

—imagine there is a water bottle or soda can on each wingtip. You want to have the same amount of wingtip to horizon (usually the height of a soda can) on each wingtip. This assures that you aren’t banking

T/F: you have to do 8s on pylons for your CFI checkride

true!