Cell Cycle+Mitosis

Chromosomes terms

nucleus,chormatin, DNA, Centromere, sister chromatids, chromosome

Nucleus

organelle stores genetic material( DNA), cells central center

chromatin

Loose, uncoiled DNA wrapped around proteins that helps organize

and protect the DNA.

DNA

molecule hold genetic info

centromere

region holds sister chromatids together

sister chromatids

two identical copies of chromosome

Chromosome

tightly coiled DNA visible during cell division

cell cycle

series of steps a cell grows and divides into two identical “daughter cells”

Interphase

longest phase(90%),cell grows, carries normal functions, copies DNA

Mitosis

cell divides cytoplasm and cell nucleus , important for repairing damaged cell, ready for action

G1

cell grows in size,makes organelles molecules, before DNA replication

S(synthesis)

cell makes complete copy of DNA, chromosome replicated

G2

continues to grow, makes protein, prepares genetic info, pre mitosis check

Cytokinesis

divided cytoplasm, completes cells, form daughter cells

Nuclear envelope

membrane around nucleus(cell), operates nucleus from cytoplasm

Prophase

chromatin condenses, nuclear envelope dissolves

Metaphase

chromosomes line up, spindle fibers attach to centromeres or chromosomes

Anaphase

sister chromatids separate and move opposite ends

telophase

nuclear envelope reforms, chromosomes back to chromatin, end

chromatin

loose uncoiled form of DNA

Chromosome

tightly pack coiled DNA, chromatin turn to this

Sister Chromatids

two identical copies of singe chromosome joined together

Centromere

central region that pinches sister chromatids together

centrosome

cellular anchors that organize division machinery

mitotic spindle

fibers act like ropes to pull chromosomes apart