Democracy in America

the social state is commonly the result of a combination of…

laws and circumstance

one must study their _ if one wishes to understand a people’s laws and mores

social state

social state of the Americans is eminently

democractic

There (New England) only _ could command influence

intellectual power

it was the law of _, that caused the final advance in equality (blue)

law of inheritance

law of inheritance has an “unbelievable influence on the __of peoples and political laws are no more than the _ of that state”

social state, expression

(law of inhereitance) way of influencing society was

sure and uniform

equal shares law has a “permanent tendency to _”

grow less

equal shares affects the _ of the landowner

soul

passes as family feeling is often based on an illusion of

personal selfishness

great landowners have almost mingled with

the common mass

not like in the US there is no rich, I know no other country where love of _ has such a grip on _(Blue)

money, men’s hearts

where stronger scorn is expressed for the theory of (blue)

permanent equality of property

wealth circulates their with incredible _, so that two successive generations seldom enjoy its - (blue)

rapidity, favors

no man there enjoys the _ due to a life spent publicly in doing good (blue)

influence and respect

but it is not only __ that are equal in America, equality to some extent affects their _ too

fortunes, mental endowments

proportionately to population, there are so few _ and so few - individuals as in America

ignornat, learned

almost all americans enjoy easy _ and can so easily acquire the basic elements of - (blue)

circumstances, human knowledge

at fifteen they start on a _, so their education generally ends at the age where ours - (Blue)

career, begins

in America most rich men began by being _

poor

a _ standard has been established in America

middling

intellectual inequalities come directly from _, and man - prevent them existing always (blue)

God, cannot

mental endowments remain _, as the Creator intended, but the means of exercising them are - (blue)

unequal, equal

aristocratic element which was from the beginning _, has been, if not destroyed, - still (blue)

feebler

time, circumstances, and laws have made the democratic element not merely _but on might say _ (blue)

preponderant, exclusive

_s have made the democratic element not merely preponderant but one might say exlcusive (blue)

time circumstances and laws

one cannot trace any _ or - influence; often hard to find any durable - (blue)

family, corporate, individual influence

two way of making equality prevail (blue)

rights must be given either to every citizen or to nobody

for a people who have reached the Anglo-Americans social state, it is hard to see any middle course between the (blue)

sovereignty of all and the absolute power of one man

manly and legitimate passion for; rouses a desire to be (blue)

equality/ strong and respected

passion tends to elevate the _ to the rank of the - (blue)

little man, great

taste of equality is (blue)

debased

induces men to prefer equality in _ to inequality in — (blue)

servitude, freedom

_ taste for freedom; eternal love for - (blue)

instinctive, equality

when citizens are more or less equal, it becomes difficult to defend their freedom from _ (blue)

the encroachments of power

_ allowed them to establish and maintain the sovereignty of the people

circumstances, origin, education, and above all mores

dogma of the (blue)

sovereignty of the people

_ of obedience, justified the - to command

fact, right

everywhere voting rights were restricted within certain limits and subjct to some (blue)

property qualification

property qualification was low in the _ considerable in the - (blue)

North, South

once a people begin to interfere with the _ one can be sure that sooner or later it will - it altogether (blue)

voting qualification, abolish

further the limit of _ is extended, the strong is the need felt to spread them stll wider (blue)

voting rights

no halting place until _ has been attained

universal suffrage

others in which power is _, being at the same time within the society and outside it

divided

in United States society acts (blue)

by and for itself

no authorities exept _ (blue)

within itself

The _ reign over the political world, like - rules over the universe (blie)

people, God

the United States has a _ constituion (blue)

complex

two distinct social structures (blue)

ordinary, undefined government; only concerned with certain general interests

_and almost _ governments

separate, independent

government of each state is the _ authority

normal

great political principles were born and grew up in the

state

three active centers

township, country,administration/government

townships spring from the

hand of God

which form of liberty is more prone to authority encroachments? (blue)

liberty of a local community

communal freedom an easily be _ and cannot enter into more wirhour long recognized - existence

destroyed, legal

where does sterngth of free peoples reside?

local community

local institutions are to _, what - schools are to science (blue)

liberty, primary

without local institutions, a nation may have _, but not the (blue)

free government, spirit of liberty

which tendencies will break through surface?

despotism

nowhere else do people in township

exercise their power so directly

he obeys society because

union of his fellows seems useful to him

municipal liberty derives straight from the dogma of the _ (blue)

sovereignty of the people

when are townships subordinate to the state? (blue)

social- interests shared with others

municipal _ and - exist

institutions and spirit

two advantages of NE township

dependence and power

mens affections are only drawn to where _ exists

power

if you take _ from a municipality you will have - not xitisens (blue)

docile subjects

in township desire for _ are concentrated/trouble elements of society (blue)

esteem, substantial interests, taste for power, self-advertisement

take on a diff character when exercised so (blue)

close to home

Americans think patriotism is a sort of _ strengthend by -

religion, practical service

soverignty of townshp people is not ancient only, but

primordial

power of country officials are

limited to predetermined matters

two ways in which power can be diminished (blue)

dividing powers in several hands, weaken power wholly

by sharing power, it becomes less (blue)

irresistable and dangerous

authority may be made _, but official -

great, small

nothing centalized or _ in the US constitution

hierarchic

two ways of making offciails obey laws

entrust them with discretionary power, give courts power of judicial peanlity

courts are _ between central power and elective administrative body

intermediary

in the Untied States government authority seems bent on

keepin out of sight

Americans broke up right of _ and -

supervision and complisnt

American legislation appeals mainly to _ interests

private

each man is the best _

judge of his own interests

strikin feature of American public admin (blue)

extraordinary decentralization

two advatnage to bicameral legislature (blue)

slow down movement of political assemblies, create an appeal tribunal for the revision of laws

need to split legsilative activity into several bodies is a

demonstrated truth

2 distinct types of centaliztion (blue)

gov centralization, administrative centralization

administrative centralization _ dimsihes (blue)

elevates people, civic spirit

can contribute wonderfully to the _ greatness of one man but not to the - prosperity of the people

ephemeral, permanent

adminsitrative centralization militates against the

increase of resources

is there administrative centralizatio in the US?

no

centralized social power is _ changing hands

constantly

Americans isolated _ from gov

administration

Europe says government administers localities better than (blue)

themselves

Tocq denies that when people are _ to their own interests (blue)

awake

can a central power see to ALL the details of a nation? (blue)

no

centralization can easily succeed in imposin a _ on men’s behavior (blue)

external uniformity

uniformity becomes like a pious _, but they foreget the - it represents

statute, divinity

America’s state force is less educated, wise but more

powerful

inhabitant feels like _ of the place in Europe (blue)

farm larborer (indifferent)