Medical and Social Protest as Part of Hidden American History

These flashcards cover key concepts and historical figures related to medical practices and social movements in the Enlightenment and Romantic Era, focusing on alternative medicine.

What are the three ways to learn and practice medicine during the Romantic Era?

Professional Medicine, Bonesetters and Folk Healing, Native American Medicine.

Who is known as the Father of Magnetic Healing?

Franz Anton Mesmer.

What is animal magnetism according to Franz Anton Mesmer?

It is the presence of an invisible fluid, called 'Fluidum', that runs between the subject and the therapist.

What effect did the scientific inquiry of 1778 have on Franz Anton Mesmer?

It got him kicked out of Austria.

How did Paul Caster influence D.D. Palmer?

He was a prominent magnetic healer, and Palmer may have learned magnetic healing from Caster's family.

What was the main belief of Thomsonianism?

That disease is caused by cold and can be cured by heat.

Who founded Homeopathy?

Samuel Christian Hahnemann.

What is the cornerstone principle of Homeopathy according to Hahnemann?

Simila similibus curantur, meaning 'like is cured by like'.

What was the primary difference between Thomsonianism and Homeopathy?

Thomsonianism used herbs instead of harsh drugs, while Homeopathy advocated a spiritual or metaphysical view of healing.

What was the primary health philosophy of Sylvester Graham?

A preventive health-reform system emphasizing diet, temperance, and moral behavior.

How is Hydropathy defined in the context of alternative medicine?

The therapeutic use of water for healing.

What was the significance of the phrase 'The Rise of Sectarian Healing'?

It refers to the emergence of various independent medical systems reflecting unique cultural attitudes about health.

What role did Ellen Gould White play in health reform movements?

She was a foundress of the Seventh Day Adventists and adopted Grahamism after a mystical experience.

What was the major focus of Grahamism in terms of dietary practice?

To provide the body with pure, nutritious substances and avoid refined foods.

How did medical sectarians like the Thomsonians parallel religious movements of their time?

They offered a physiological counterpart to contemporary theological beliefs, aiming for reform in both health and morality.

What was the role of James Caleb Jackson in the context of Hydropathy?

He established a water-cure resort combining Hydropathy with health food meals.

What was a common critique of regular medical practices by alternative healing systems?

The use of harsh treatments like bleedings and heavy doses of drugs.

How did Homeopathy gain popularity in America?

As Thomsonianism began to decline, Homeopathy attracted urban and upper-class individuals.