marine bio final

anterior

front of the organism; head region

aristotel’s lantern

internal mouth parts made of five continuously growing teeth surrounding esophagus

ampullae of lorenzai

pores at the front of the sharks face tht detect weak magnetic fields given off by other fish and can detect temperature changes

benthic

bottom dwelling organisms

camoflauge

blending in with environment in adaptation needed for protection

cheliped

large front claw of the crayfish used for defense and feeding

ganglia

nerve clusters

chromatophores

pigment cells of squid’s skin that cause color changes

radula

squids tongue composed of a very rough surface for shredding food

cloaca

single opening for waste removal and reproductive materials

metamorphosis

change in body form

molting

process of shedding the old small shell and growing a larger shell

epidermis

skin

glottis

slit like opening in the back of the throat that leads to the back of the trachea

dorsal

top or back

ventral

front or bottom

venomous

poisonous

madreporite

small, round spot on the surface of the sea star skin.

a porous structure that takes in water for circulation

posterior

towards anus

regeneration

to grow back lost body parts

tube feet

found on the bottom of the sea star body, hundreds of little suction cups that the sea star uses for feeding and movement

parasite

lives in/on another organism

gonad

sex organs of the organism that produces gametes

mantle

external skin that protects the internal organs

umbo

large bump on dorsal surface, closer to anterior

uterus

female organ reproductive system

endoskeleton

supportive structures on the inside covered by skin

exoskeleton

supportive structures on the outside, no skin

endoskeleton

supportive structures on the inside covered by skin

organisms w endoskeleton

frog- bone

shark- cartilage

squid- pen

starfish, sea urchin- plates of calcium carbonate

organisms w exoskeleton

crayfish- chitin

clam- calcium

organisms w lungs inside the body that expand to hold air

frog

organisms that have gills that must be contact with water in the enviornment

crayfish, shark, clam, squid

organisms that skins must be moist and thin enough for gases to pass through

frog, starfish, sea urchin, worm

respiratory system

structures that help increase surface area for gas exchange between the organism and the environment, structures were observed to have lines, feathery appearances, or small air sacsa

starfish digestive system

takes stomach out through mouth, uses enzymes to liquefy food

sea urchin digestive system

uses 5 teeth inside aristotle’s lantern to chew food. teeth continually grow

clam digestive system

uses cilia in gills to remove food from water and send it to the mouth

squid digestive system

uses beak and rough tongue to shred food. brain is wrapped around esophagus

crayfish digestive system

has chelipeds and multiple mouth parts to shred food.

3 teeth found inside stomach

frog digestive system

have long sticky tongue and two kinds of teeth

system similar to human system

shark digestive system

multiple rows of replaceable teeth for biting food

large stomach that can stretch to accommodate large quantities of food

liver filled with oil

open circulatory system

heart but no blood vessels

organisms w open circulatory system

clams, crayfish, crab

closed circulatory system

heart w blood vessels

organisms w closed circulatory system

squid, frog, shark

water vascular system

no heart or blood vessels, water moves through canals

organisms w water vascular system

starfish, sea urchin

internal fertilization

sperm & egg join inside female body

external fertilization

sperm & egg join in external water

organisms w internal fertilization

shark, squid, crayfish, clam

organisms w external fertilization

sea urchin & starfish, frog

shark reproduction

males use clasper to transfer sperm into female

babies develop internally in the uterus

squid reproduction

males use tentacles to transfer a sperm packet to the female sperm receptacle

females may hold many sperm packets until deciding which one she will use to fertilize her eggs

eggs will develop in what are guarded by the mother

crayfish reproduction

males use swimmerets that point towards the head to transfer sperm into opening near the female swimmerets

eggs will develop externally held by female swimmerets and telson until they hatch

clam reproduction

males use excurrent siphon to release sperm into water

female uses incurrent siphon to take in sperm and sperm & egg join in the female clam gills

baby clams stay in the gills acting as parasites until released by female excurrent siphon

sea urchin & starfish reproduction

release sperm * eggs into the water through small openings near the madreporite

egg & sperm meet in the water to form larva

frog reproduction

male frog uses his swollen thumb pads to help push eggs out of the female body

once eggs are in the water, the male deposit sperm on top of them

egg & sperm meet in the water & when the eggs hatch tadpoles emerge

starfish eating habits-

is a carnivore & predator

-eats clams, mussels

sea urchin eating habits-

is a herbivore

-eats kelp

clam eating habits

filter feeds

-eats plankton

squid eating habits

is a carnivore & predator

-eats fish, crabs, & shrimps

crayfish eating habits

is a scavenger & omnivore

-eats anything dead or alive

frog eating habits

is a predator & carnivore

-eats bugs, fish, larvae

shark eating habits

is a predator & carnivore

-eats fish, squid, shrimp, crabs