Formation of Scientific Knowledge and Research Ethics

Vocabulary practice covering the ethics, history, and regulations regarding animal and human subjects in scientific experimentation.

Animal Welfare Act (AWA)

A law created in 1966 after people expressed concern regarding animal mistreatment in research.

"The Guide"

A book first created in 1963 that provides rules for lab animal care, such as safe living spaces and vet care, with a final version accepted worldwide in 2010.

IACUC

The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee; a lab committee that approves research plans and checks for safe animal care.

IACUC Members

A committee composition including one veterinarian, one scientist, and one person not from the lab.

Replacement

One of the 3 R's of animal research; using lower species instead of higher species because they are viewed as less susceptible to pain and distress.

Reduction

One of the 3 R's of animal research; refers to minimizing the number of animals used for experimentation as much as possible.

Refinement

One of the 3 R's of animal research; refers to minimizing the frequency or degree of pain and distress experienced by animal subjects.

IRB

The Institutional Review Board; a group that checks if a human study is fair and safe.

Belmont Report

A document providing three primary rules for human testing: respect people's choice, do good (not harm), and be fair to everyone.

Declaration of Helsinki

Created in 1964 by the World Medical Association and updated in 2013, it is a key guide for ethical human research that prioritizes participant safety and well-being.

PETA

An animal rights group that protects animals and has used protests to stop animal testing.

Anatomy

The study of body parts.

Physiology

The study of how the body works.

Biomedical Science

Science as it is used in the field of medicine.