Art History survey 3 exam 1 art movements

Dada

Def: (Cultural Movement) Revolt against Reason because reason and logic are what got us into world war one, no one specific art style. Duchamp Dada defined that art could be merely designated

Characteristics: No one style, spontaneity, chaotic

Context: Reaction to world war one

Artists: Hoch, Duchamp, Ernst

An Artwork: Duchamp, Fountain, 1917

Surrealism

Def: (Cultural Movement) A systematic exploration of the unconscious to liberate the psyche from reason

Characteristics: Dream like, Confusing, Challenging

Context: Influenced by Sigmund Freuds iceberg theory of the subconscious

Artists: Ernst, Miro, Magritte, Dali

An Artwork: Dali, The Persistence of Memory, 1931

Readymade

Def: (Technique) A manufactured object presented as art

Characteristics: influences how much technical proficiency and artist needs, more focused on intellect, Art can be merely designated

Context:

Artists: Duchamp

An Artwork: Duchamp, Fountain, 1917

Automatism

Def: Process of tapping into the unconscious in a trance like state and using the subconscious as a source of creativity for art

Characteristics: Quasi abstract, messy, no subject matter

Context:

Artists: Miro, Ernst

An Artwork: Erns, to 1000 doves, 1925

Armory Show

Def:

Characteristics:

Context:

Artists:

An Artwork:

Illusionistic Dream

Def: Style of hallucinatory and fantastic subject matter painted with academic precision and clarity

Characteristics: paranoiac critical method, individual objects easy to make out but the overall composition is what makes it unclear

Context:

Artists: Dali, Ma

An Artwork: Dali, The Persistence of Memory, 1931

Regionalism

Def: (Artistic Movement) focused on depiction of Midwest, painting American scene, the truth of America is in the west

Characteristics: everyday people as subject

Context: lack of American identity

Artists: Wood, Benton

An Artwork: Benton, Hailstorm, 1940

Abstract Expressionism

Def: (art historical term) non representation + emotional expression, two types that being action painting and color field painting

Characteristics: Spontaneous, Ambiguity

Context: Influenced by collective unconscious theory from Carl Jung

Artists: Pollock, De Kooning

An Artwork: Pollock, Autumn Rhythm, 1950

Pop Art

Def: (Art Historical Term) Elevating visual culture to high art

Characteristics: comic book feel, strong color and bold line, consumerism

Context: Art = Life, art penetrates into everyday life; stems from interpretation of pollocks work that’s why its a reaction to abstract expressionism

Artists: Warhol, Lichtenstein

An Artwork: Lichtenstein, Whaam!, 1963

Assemblage

Def: Sculpture you walk around

Characteristics:

Context: part of junk art which is a subsection of pop art as sculptures

Artists:

An Artwork: Chamberlain, toy, 1961

Neo-Dada

Def: Revival of Dadaist anti traditional art through to blur the lines between art and life

Characteristics: use of pop culture

Context: Art = Life, art penetrates into everyday life; stems from interpretation of pollocks work that’s why its a reaction to abstract expressionism

Artists: Johns, Rauschenberg

An Artwork: Johns, Painted Bronze (Ale Cans), 1960

Conceptual Art

Def: Art = Idea, engages the mind of the viewer rather than their eyes or emotions

Characteristics: dematerialization, art and language

Context:

Artists: Kosuth

An Artwork: Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965

Earth and Site Works

Def: Art using the earth or site as a medium

Characteristics: uses location

Context:

Artists: Smithson

An Artwork: Smithson, Spiral Jetty, 1969-70

Post-Impressionism

Def: Impressionism + personal vision, 2 types structural and expressive

Characteristics:

Context: Thought impressionism lacked emotional depth and a rejection of academicism

Artists: Seurat, Cezanne, Gauguin, Van Gogh

An Artwork: Van Gogh, Starry Night, 1889

Primitivism

Def: Pose of the uber civilized westerner, adores unsophisticated cultures and paints like a symbolist

Characteristics: child like

Context: fascination with cultures deemed lower than the west

Artists: Guaguin

An Artwork: Gauguin, Aha oe Feii? Or Are you Jealous, 1892

Expressionism

Def: (art historical term) way to make the intangible tangible through the plastic art of painting, about emotions and personal experience over objective reality, 3 types fauvism, the bridge, and blue rider

Characteristics: vivid and sometimes non local colors, less focused on realism

Context: reaction to impressionism

Artists: Matisse, Kirchner, Kandinsky

An Artwork: Matisse, Open Window. Collioure, 1905

Cubism

Def: (Artistic Movement) Breaking down objects into multiple points of view and into geometric shapes,2 types synthetic and analytical

Characteristics: geometric, faceting, not really any color

Context: Raphael School of Athens which revolutionized perspective and the idea of multiple points of view, also scientific approach to how we see/new information on how the eye works

Artists: Braque, Picasso

An Artwork: Picasso, Still Life with Chair Canning, 1912

Futurism

Def: (Cultural Movement) romanticized and celebrated man made objects like machines and technology and rejected traditional art forms in favor of looking to the future

Characteristics: movement, machine, similar look to cubism but with color, mechanolatry, militaristic, reject the past

Context: influenced by cubism as a plastic language

Artists: Boccioni

An Artwork: Boccioni, Dynamism of a Soccer Player, 1913

Abstraction

Def: movement away from realistic visual representation

Characteristics:

Context:

Artists:

An Artwork:

Collage

Def: (Technique) Various materials or photographs combined together into a composition

Characteristics:

Context:

Artists: Picasso, Hoch

An Artwork: Picasso, Still Life with Chair Canning, 1912

Minimalism

Def: (Artistic Movement) No meaning outside the object, what you see is what you see

Characteristics: spacy, body, and light as mediums, simplicity

Context: Rejected abstract expressionism, objectivity vs non objectivity

Artists: Judd

An Artwork: Judd, Untitled, 1965

Photomontage

Def: (Technique) Process of creating a single composite image by cutting and joining together multiple photographs

Characteristics:

Context:

Artists: Hoch

An Artwork: Hoch, Cut with the kitchen knife, 1919 

De Stijl

Def: (Artistic Movement) Pursued pure plastic art and harmony through simplification and theosophy

Characteristics: horizontal and vertical line, primary color, non representational

Context: In response to chaos of ww1

Artists: Mondrian

An Artwork: Mondrian, Composition of Red, Blue, and Yellow, 1930

Drip Technique

Def: Dripping paint for spontaneous abstraction

Characteristics:

Context:

Artists: Pollock

An Artwork: