jcl csk roman history middle republic

What war did the Romans fight from 215-205 BC?

First Macedonian War

What were the years of the First Macedonian War?

215-205 BC

What king of Macedon allied with Hannibal and attacked Rome in 215 BC?

Philip V

With whom did Philip V of Macedon ally before attacking Rome in 215 BC?

Hannibal

What war did the Romans fight from 200-196 BC?

Second Macedonian War

What were the years of the Second Macedonian War?

200-196 BC

What war began when Attalus I of Pergamum appealed to Rome for help against Philip V of Macedon?

Second Macedonian War

What king of Pergamum appealed to Rome for help against Philip V in 200 BC?

Attalus I

At what battle in 197 BC did the Roman general Flamininus defeat Philip V?

Cynoscephalae

In what year did Flamininus defeat Philip V at Cynoscephalae?

197 BC

Who was the victorious Roman general at the Cynoscephalae?

Flamininus

What is the full name of Flamininus?

Titus Quinctius Flamininus

What does "Cynoscephalae" mean?

Dog's Heads

Who proclaimed freedom and independence for all the Greek states at the Isthmian Games of 196 BC?

Flamininus

At what event in 196 BC did Flamininus declare the freedom and independence of all the Greek states?

Isthmian Games

In what year did Flamininus declare freedom and independence for all the Greek states at the Isthmian Games?

196 BC

What war did the Romans fight from 171-167 BC?

Third Macedonian War

What were the years of the Third Macedonian War?

171-167 BC

What eldest son of Philip V rose to the throne and incited the Third Macedonian War?

Perseus

At what battle in 168 BC did the Roman general Aemilius Paullus defeat Perseus of Macedon?

Pydna

In what year did Aemilius Paullus defeat Perseus of Macedon at Pydna?

168 BC

Who was the victorious Roman general at the Pydna in 168 BC?

Aemilius Paullus

After which war did Rome abolish the Madedonian monarchy and establish four independent republics of Macedon?

Third Macedonian War

What war did the Romans fight from 149-148 BC?

Fourth Macedonian War

What were the years of the Fourth Macedonian War?

149-148 BC

What upstart pretended to be the son of Perseus of Macedon and led a resistance against Rome?

Andriscus

What war began when Andriscus pretended to be the son of Perseus of Macedon and unite the independent republics?

Fourth Macedonian War

In what year did Rome annex Macedonia as a Roman province?

148 BC

What war did the Romans fight from 192-188 BC?

Syrian War / War with Antiochus

What were the years of the War with Antiochus?

192-188 BC

What Seleucid monarch invaded Greece which sparked a war with Rome in 192 BC?

Antiochus III

At what battle in 191 BC did the Roman general Glabrio defeat Antiochus III?

Thermopylae

What does "Thermopylae" mean?

hot gate

In what year did the Roman general Glabrio defeat Antiochus III at Thermopylae?

191 BC

What Roman general was victorious at Thermopylae against Antiochus III?

Glabrio

What refugee did Antiochus III use as an advisor and admiral, albeit ineffective?

Hannibal

What battle in 190 BC was the last notable Roman naval victory over a foreign enemy?

Myonessus

Where did Rome earn its last notable naval victory over a foreign enemy in 190 BC?

Myonessus

At what battle in 190 BC did the Romans defeat Antiochus III and earn its last notable naval victory over a foreign fleet?

Myonessus

In what year did the Romans defeat Antiochus III at Myonessus?

190 BC

At what battle in 190 BC did Publius and Lucius Scipio defeat Antiochus III?

Magnesia

In what year did Publius & Lucius Scipio issue a final defeat to Antiochus III?

190 BC

What two brothers defeated Antiochus III at Magnesia in 190 BC?

Publius & Lucius Scipio

What treaty of 188 BC ended the war against Antiochus III?

Treaty of Apamea

In what year did the Treaty of Apamea officially end the war against Antiochus III?

188 BC

What was the full name of Cato the Elder?

Marcus Porcius Cato

What Roman censor ended every speech with the line "Carthago delenda est"?

Cato the Elder

What does "Carthago delenda est" mean?

Carthage must be destroyed

What "war" did the Romans fight from 149-146 BC?

Third Punic War

What were the years of the Third Punic "War"?

149-146 BC

In what year was Carthage completely destroyed?

146 BC

What Roman statesman was known for his stern manner, high moral standards, and love of cabbage?

Cato the Elder

What novus homo ended all of his speeches with the line "Carthago delenda est"?

Cato the Elder

What is a novus homo?

first person in family to earn consulship

What war began when Massinissa began making raids against Carthage causing it to retaliate and violate its treaty with the Romans?

Third Punic War

Who caused Third Punic War by making raids into Carthaginian territory which forced them to retaliate and violate their treaty with the Romans?

Massinissa

What adopted grandson of Scipio Africanus destroyed Carthage in 146 BC?

Scipio Aemilianus

What did Scipio Aemilianus do to ensure Carthage would never be able to grow crops again?

salted the fields

Who reportedly wept after salting the Carthaginian land because he recognized a similar fate for Rome one day?

Scipio Aemilianus

Why did Scipio Aemilianus weep after destroying Carthage and salting the earth?

recognized a similar fate for Rome one day

What Roman general captured Corinth in 146 BC?

Mummius

What Greek city did Mummius and the Romans capture in 146 BC?

Corinth

Who captured the Spanish town of Numantia in 133 BC?

Scipio Aemilianus

What Spanish town did Scipio Aemilianus capture in 133 BC?

Numantia

What last stronghold of Spanish resistance did the Romans capture in 133 BC?

Numantia

Who were the famous cousins of Scipio Aemilianus?

Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus

What is the modern day name of Lusitania?

Portugal

What was the ancient name of Portugal?

Lusitania

What Lusitanian shepherd led a five year resistance against the Romans?

Viriathus

Who captured an army of 50,000 Romans in Lusitania in 141 BC?

Viriathus

From 146-141 BC who led an army of Lusitanians in resistance to the Romans?

Viriathus

After he freed a trapped army of 50,000 Romans in return for peace, what Lusitanian shepherd was killed by three traitors?

Viriathus

How did Viriathus die?

Romans bribed traitors to kill him in his sleep

What Spanish stronghold did the Romans starve into submission in 133 BC?

Numantia

Who negotiated with Numantia for the release of 20,000 Roman soldiers in 137 BC?

Tiberius Gracchus

With what city did Tiberius Gracchus negotiate for the release of 20,000 Roman soldiers in 137 BC?

Numantia

Who bequeathed his kingdom of Pergamum to the Romans in 133 BC?

Attalus III

What kingdom did Attalus III bequeathe to the Romans in his will in 133 BC?

Pergamum

In what year did Attalus III bequeathe Pergamum to the Romans in his will?

133 BC

Name both Gracchi brothers?

Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus

Who were the famous sons of Cornelia whom she called her "jewels"?

Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus

What did Cornelia call her sons Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus?

her jewels

Who was the famous father of Cornelia, the mother of the Gracchi?

Scipio Africanus

What is a tribune?

an official elected to represent the rights of the plebeians

How many tribunes were elected each year?

10

What unique power did tribunes have?

power to veto legislation

Which political office had the power to veto legislation?

tribune

What tribune was killed in 132 BC for seeking re-election?

Tiberius Gracchus

What tribune of 133 BC was killed for proposing radical legislation which favored the plebeians?

Tiberius Gracchus

What tribune of 123 BC was re-elected before he was killed for proposing radical legislation?

Gaius Gracchus

What type radical legislation did both Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus try to introduce?

redistribution of large estates of land

What tribune proposed the creation of the colony Iunonia by redeveloping the area of Carthage?

Gaius Gracchus

What colony did Gaius Gracchus propose establishing on the site of Carthage?

Iunonia

Who led the mob which killed Tiberius Gracchus?

Scipio Nasica

Whose death was brought about by Scipio Nasica and an angry mob?

Tiberius Gracchus

What consul was responsible for killing Gaius Gracchus?

Lucius Opimius

Whose death was brought about by Lucius Opimius and the SCU?

Gaius Gracchus

What is a Senatus Consultum Ultimum?

supreme decree of the Senate

Who was given the Senatus Consultum Ultimum to kill Gaius Gracchus?

Lucius Opimius