equine passports, id, vaccines

Equine vaccines - protect against (core diseases)

Influenza, tetanus

What are horses vaccinated for

Equine influenza, tetanus, herpes (EHV1, EHV4), strangles, rotavirus, West Nile virus, equine viral arteritis

Equine influenza - purpose of control

Economic impact of outbreak

Which vaccine is required by competition bodies

Influenza

Equine influenza - Which types in vaccines

Clade 1, clade 2 viruses of Florida sub lineage

Equine influenza - Vaccine brands

Equilis prequenza, equip F, proteq-flu

Equine influenza - Type of vaccine for proteq-flu

Canarypox-vectored recombinant vaccine

Equine influenza - Rules for vaccine timings

Can be vaccinated to comply with competition regulations but not data sheet

Equine influenza - Vaccine rules for race horses

Jockey club. BHA rules

3 vaccines (1st, 2nd 1mon later, 3rd 5 mon later, annual booster)

Booster given within 6 mon competition

Equine influenza - ROA

IM

Tetanus - features

Clostridium tetani

Obligate anaerobe

Tetanus - CS

Sweating, muscle fasciculations, nasal discharge, hyper salivation, ears pinned back (temporal muscle + facial muscle paralysis), stiff gait, tail head elevation, nictitating membrane prolapse, paralysis of commonly used muscles

Tetanus - magnesium sulfate uses

Relaxes muscles

Tetanus - treatment

Antitoxins (still some paralysis, expensive)

Tetanus - Antitoxin features

Serum antibodies so keep in fridge, 10hr broach time

Short acting cover

Can give alongside toxoid at separate sites

Tetanus- vaccine referred to as

Tetanus Toxoid

Tetanus - Vaccine timings

Given from 6mon

1st, 2nd 1mon later, 3rd within 17mon first, boosters every 2yrs

Tetanus - When to give pregnant mare vaccine

Booster given 4-6w before foaling

Passive immunity for 6mon

Which species need passports + microchips

Horses, ponies, donkeys, mules, zebras, all related species

Only truly wild ones dont need them

Who can do the silhouette

Vet, PIO deemed competent person

Where to place microchip

L nuchal ligament

Who can implant microchips

Vets

Exceptions in not having passport with horse (must be presented in 3hr)

Emergency, stabled, at pasture, being moved on foot, participating in competition/event where horses leaves venue

Age horse doesn’t need passport

Under 6mon if sold alongside dam

Age passport must be issued by

Within 6mon birth/ 31st dec of year of birth (latest date)

Info included in medicines book

Medicine given, batch number, date of administration, withdrawal period

Which NSAIDs can’t be used for food animals

Phenylbutazone, flunixin

What must happen during a sale

Give passport to buyer at time of sale, buyer registers ownership with passport issuer

What must happen to passport after death

Keeper returns passport to issuer within 30d

Is a microchip required for a passport

Yes

Microchip procedure

1-scan to check if already one

2- scan new chip

3- clip area (L nuchal ligament)

4- chlorhexidine

5- 2-3ml sc local anaesthetic

6- chlorhexidine

7- insert chip + apply pressure for bleeding

8- scan chip

9- ID form

What to mark microchip as on passport ID

M in circle with line

General rules for identification

Black ink, capital letters

Whorls = x

White = red outline, hatched

Foot colour marked

Flesh marks = solid red

Acquired marks = black arrow

Prophets thumb = black triangle

Microchip= M

Sign, date, stamp form

Colour shown

Cremello/cream

Non pigmented skin → sunburn

Iris non pigmented

Colour shown

Bay

Brown body, black mane+tail + dis knee

Colour shown (only draw spots on passport if for specific society)

Appaloosa

Colour shown

Brown

Body + hair same colour

Colour shown

Chestnut

Ginger body + legs (+sometimes hair)

Flaxen/ liver chestnut (mane colour)

Colour shown

Dun

Golden body

Black mane + tail (+sometimes spine)

Colour shown - a

Roan

White hairs throughout coat

Different base colour - Strawberry (chestnut), blue (grey)

Colour shown B

Palomino

Golden body

White mane + tail

Colour shown C

Piebald

Black + white patches

Colour shown D

Skewbald

Coloured (not just black) + white patches

Snip vs star markings

Snip - between nostrils

Star - forehead

Wall eye

Unpigmented iris

Flesh mark

Non pigmented areas of thin haired skin

Shown as solid red

Bordering

Regions of white + dark hairs at edge of white patch

Double red outline + hatch centre

Stripe vs blaze vs white face

S- narrow white mark down face

B- broad white mark down face (wider than bridge of nose)

Wf- white over >1/2 face

Points when describing leg markings

Hoof colour

Use basic terms (knee, inside, outside)

Ermine marks

Black spots on legs (usually on coronet band, pastern)

Hoof colours

White - red hatched

Striped - single red stripe

Black - no red

Types of whorl

Simple, feathered, linear

Normal locations for prophets thumbprint

Neck, shoulders, hindquarters

Acquired marks examples

Scars, tack marks, branding, free brands

Should you vaccinate horse without passport

No

Can you fill in vaccine details done by someone else

Yes if checked details

What must happen if horse given phenylbutazone or flunixin

Signed out of food chain on passport