Unit 2 Health Quiz

Personality

Consists of behaviors, attitudes, feelings, and ways of thinking that make you an individual

Psychologist

Person who studies how people think, feel and behave

Extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience

Five Central Traits

Extroversion

How much you like being with other people

Agreeableness

Describes your tendency to relate to other people in a friendly way

Conscientiousness

Describes how responsible and self-disciplined you are

Emotional Stability

How relaxed, secure, and calm you are, even during difficult situations

Openness to Experiences

Curious, imaginative, creative

Influenced by a combination of heredity and environment

What are personality traits influenced by?

Family, friends, cultural group

Environment Examples

Modeling

Influences on your personality; as children develop, they copy the behavior of others

Peer Group

Friends who are about the same age and share similar interests

Identity

A sense of self

Throughout life as people meet a series of challenges

How does personality develop?

Develop trust; learn to be independent; take initiative; develop skills; search for identity; establish intimacy; create and nurture'; look back with acceptance

Stages of Personality Development

Self Esteem

How much you respect yourself and like yourself

Accept themselves for who they are, have a realistic view of their strengths and weaknesses and maintain a positive attitude

People with high self-esteem:

Don’t respect themselves, judge themselves harshly, and worry too much about what others think about them

People with low self-esteem

Drops in early adolescence, increases during adulthood, decreases toward the end of life

How does self-esteem develop by age?

Accomplishments, talents, and contributions to family/community

What should you base your self esteem on?

Learn to focus on your strengths, set ambitious goals, don’t be too hard on self, choose friends who share values, learn to accept compliments

Ways to boost self-esteem:

Self-Actualization

Process by which people achieve their full potential

Physical needs, need to feel safe, need to belong, and need for esteem

What needs must be met to achieve self-actualization?

Hierarchy of needs

What are the needs for self-actualization called?

Physical needs

Basic needs of a human (food, water, sleep)

Safety

Safety from elements - heat, cold, rain

Need to feel safe

Belonging

People need to connect with others - emotional health needs love and acceptance

Esteem

Includes the approval of others and self-esteem

Address the problem; release excess energy; avoid certain situations; avoid destructive behaviors; ask for help

Ways to deal with anger

Emotion

Reaction to a situation that involves your body, mind, and behavior

Primary emotions

Emotions expressed by people in all cultures

Happiness, sadness, anger, fear

Examples of primary emotions

Happiness

Normal response to pleasant events in life

Sadness

Normal response to disappointing events in your life

Grief

Deep sorrow

Anger

Normal response to feeling frustrated or helpless

Fear

Emotion you feel when you recognize a threat to your safety or security

Learned Emotions

Emotions not expressed in the same way by all people

Love

Expressed through caring words, loving touches, or thoughtful actions

Guilt

When you know you have done something wrong

Shame

Focuses on the person rather than the action; lowers self-esteem

Recognizing your emotions

What is the first step to dealing with emotions in healthy ways?

Coping Strategy

Way of dealing with an uncomfortable or unbearable feeling or situation

Harmful: when they make a situation worse or a person is less able to handle a situation

Helpful: when they improve a situation or allow a person to handle a situation in a better way

How can coping strategies be harmful or helpful?

Defense mechanism

Coping strategies that help you protect yourself from difficult feelings

Confronting the situation, releasing built-up energy, taking a break, talking through your feelings

What are some helpful ways of coping?

Using alcohol or drugs, withdrawing from family and friends

What are some harmful ways of coping?

Denial, compensation, rationalization, reaction formation, projection, regression

Examples of defense mechanisms

Denial

Refusing to recognize an emotion or problem

Compensation

Making up for weaknesses in an area by excelling in another

Rationalization

Making excuses for actions or feelings

Reaction formation

Behaving in a way opposite of how you feel

Projection

Putting your own faults on another person

Regression

Returning to immature behaviors to express emotions