Ionic bonding

when are particles most stable

when s and p orbitals are complete

octet or duet rule

stable outer shell with 8 electrons

similar to the valence shell of noble gases

to which groups does the octet/duet rule apply

IA-8A

skips transition metals

when are ions formed

when electrons are transfered from one atom to another

do atoms and ions have the same properties

no, atoms and ions have different properties

what kind of ions do metals usually form

cations by losing electrons to nonmetals

which atoms take the duet rule

H, He, Li, Be

what kind of ions do non-metals usually form

anions by taking 1, 2, 3, electrons from metals

isoelectronic

same electron configuration, different amount of protons

relation between nonmetal ions and noble gases

isoelectronic

lewis structure for anions

symbol with 8 dots and charge

lewis structure for metals

symbol and charge

naming monoatomic cations

name of element + ion

monoatomic anion naming

root of element’s name + ide

names of polyatomic ions

assigned specific names that need to be memorized

how do polyatomic ions behave in chemical reactions

behave as a single unit

ionic bond

electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged particles

what is an ionic bond between

a metal and a non-metal

ionic compound

compounds made of ions

charge of ionic compounds

neutral

the sum of cation charges = sum of anion charges

crisscross method

1. write the symbol to 2 ions (cation frist)

2. crisscross magnitude of charges

3. simplify ratio if possible

naming ionic compounds

1. write name of cation

2. write name of anion

names. of transition metals

roman numeral that indicates charge

how are ionic compounds formated

ions are packed together making a repeating pattern

crystal lattice

repeating pattern in an ionic compound

properties of an ionic compound

1. solids at room temp

2. high melting point

3. brittle bc if they receive a sharp blow, the charges get moved causing repulsion

4. sometimes soluble - only group 1 cation ionic compounds

5. nonconductors of electricity as solids

   1. conduct electricity when melted or dissolved

what group of ionic compounds are soluble in water

only group 1 cation ionic compounds

dissociation

separation of ions in an ionic compound

what kind of change is dissociation

physical

electrolytes

substances whose aq solution conducts electricity

contains dissociated ions

soluble ionic compounds → strong electrolytes