AP HUG Unit 1.1 Key Takeaways/Misconceptions
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14 Terms
Maps come in…
Maps come in 2 categories: reference maps (locations and physical features) and thematic maps (data patterns).
Thematic maps…
Thematic maps include choropleth, dot density, proportional symbol, isoline, cartogram, and flow maps, each suited to a different kind of data.
Spatial patterns…
Spatial patterns to recognize include absolute and relative distance and direction, clustering, dispersal, and elevation.
Every map…
Every map is selective, and every projection distorts at least one of these: shape, area, distance, or direction.
Map scale…
Map scale (ratio, written, and graphic) controls how much area and detail a map shows.
The Mercator…
The Mercator projection preserves shape and direction but inflates land near the poles; equal-area projections keep size accurate but bend shapes.
NO: Some projection…
Some projection out there is perfectly accurate.
Actual: No flat…
No flat map avoids distortion.
Actual: Shape, area…
Shape, area, distance, and direction change.
NO: Mercator…
Mercator maps are just wrong.
Actual: Accurate…
Accurate for shape and direction but distorted near the poles.
Actual: It provided…
It provided a grid overlay on the map making it good for navigation.
NO: Large-scale maps…
Large-scale maps cover large areas.
Actual: Large-scale…
Large-scale maps show more detail in smaller areas while small-scale maps show less detail in larger areas.