EXSS 221- Test 2

3 theoretical approaches to management

3 theoretical approaches to management

• Scientific management: Scruntiinize the performance of individual workers

• Human relations managment:  When an employee believes they are important, they become more cohesive and productive.

• Process approach– administrative management: Staffing, Organizing, Directing, Controlling

Classifications of management

• Top-level managers: Responsible for the entire organization or a major part of it 

• Middle-level managers: Connected to both supervisors and subordinates

• Supervisory-level managers: Report to middle-level managers and are responsible for the employees who work in their unit

Different management approaches 

1. Conceptual skills

2. Human relations skills

3. Technical skills 

Leadership

A relationship where an individual, or group of individuals, influences others to inspire stakeholders to move toward an end goal that depends on alignment with values and a mutually beneficial purpose 

Different types of leadership styles when it comes to management 

1. Participative leadership: leaders seek employee involvement in project planning and decision-making

2. Servant leadership: begins with the leader's natural tendency to act in ways that serve their followers.

3. Transform leader: a leader who recognizes a need for change, creates a vision to inspire followers through change, and works through change with followers.

All the steps in the decision-making process

1. Defining and framing the problem

2. Identifying criteria for decision

3. Developing and evaluating alternatives

4. Selecting an alternative

5. Implementing the alternative

6. Evaluating the effectiveness of the decision

different sources of power information

1. Referent power: Rizz, charm, and appeal

2. Expert power: knowledge and skills that are valuable to situations 

3. Information power: has access to the information (secretary)

Benefits associated with sports participation

1. Physical and other Health outcomes

2. Family life

3. Sense of community and social capital 

NFHS

the national leader and advocate for high school athletics as well as fine and performing arts programs

Different types of organized activity with youth sports in after school

Youth sports offerings: classes, instructional leagues, competitive leagues, after-school programs, REC

 Critic of interscholastic techniques 

1. Distracts students from academics

2. Distorts educational values 

3. Turn students into passive spectators 

4. Can get injuries

5. Athletic goals are Unrelated to educational goals

6. Deprive educational programs 

7. Much pressure 

8. Privileged over other students

Cogs in the industry world

Primary resources of revenue between public and private schools

1. Private schools: operate on money received through funding/ giving/ payment (personal, religious, corporate)

2. Public schools: operates on money received through property Texas 

 Duty and responsibilities of athletic director

1. Prepare budget plans

2. Establish and organize ongoing operations and governing bodies

3. Coordinate and schedule events/venues

4. Hire all sports-related jobs

5. Oversee scheduling and athletic events

6. Ensure compliance with Title IX

7. Provide oversight in boost clubs and fundraisers

Different skills in management

• Conceptual skills

• Human relations skills

• Technical skills

Describe the characters of a successful servant leader

• Listening

• Empathy

• Healing

• Awareness

• Persuasion

• Conceptualization foresight 

• Stewshi[

• Commitment to the growth of people

• Building community

Organizational source of power

1. Legitimate or positional: a person who holds a hierarchy

2. Reward power: provides rewards to employees (ex increased wages, bonuses, promotions, etc.)

3. Coercive power: person in the organization who provides punishments/ threats (demotions, fired)

Management

the process of working with and through individuals groups and other resources to accomplish organizational goals. Gaining wisdom through experience.

surface-level diversity

represents variations in age, gender, race-ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and ability 

deeper -level diversity:

variations in values, beliefs, experiences, and expectations

College athletic significant issues- NIL, transfer portal

boosters are prohibited from associating with prospects or providing them with improper benefits

On average, high school students stay in concussions

2.5 million

community sport

it is conceptualized as organized physical activity across the life span that is based on community, school, and private local sports organization

identify two sports that were created as a result of the YMCA

1. Basketball

2. Volleyball

Nonprofit

Volunteer-based local sport organizations that provide organized sport opportunities for community members 

how much the interscholastic United States contributes to the economy each year.

7 % employment opportunities 

multisport

An organization That is composed of involves or accommodates several sports 

Budget for interscholastic athletics

15 billion→ 1-8%

the first two schools to participate in interscholastic athletics

Harvard and Yale

Title IX

1972

Centralized

cooperate; chain of power

Decentralized

1. all employees share equal work; power 

2. Hybrid is better

Power

The ability to influence others and demonstrate control over resources 

NCAA presidents

Charlie baker and Mark Emmert

University to get hit with NIL violations

Miami

Identify who created the volleyball

William Morgan 

dentity and basketball

James Naismith