secret <3

a diuretic that inhibits Na/Cl symporter in the distal tubules

Thiazides

thiazide diuretic drugs

hydrochlorothiazide

chlorthiazide

indapamide

hypokalemia

HYPERGLUC

A/E Thiazide diuretics

inhibits na/k/2cl symporter in thick ascending LOH

Loop Diuretics

drugs in loop diuretics

Furosemide

Torsemide

Bumetanide

Etharcynic Acid

hypoKALEMIA

HYPERGLU

Loop Diuretics

potassium sparing diuretic drugs that inhibit aldosterone

Spironolactone

Eplerinone

otassium sparing diuretic drugs that inhibit sodium

Amiloride

Triamferene

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

diuretics at proximal convulated tubule

acetazolamide

dorzolamide

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

CAis uses

• glaucoma

• iodiopathic intracranial htn

• mountain/ altitude sickness

osmotic diuretics

diuretics that works at pct+ thin, descending LOH

manitol

glycerol

osmotic diuretics

(-) adrenoreceptor

decreased sympathetic activity

alpha 2 agonist

diuretics

sympatholytic

suffix: -zosin

alpha 1 antagonist = vasodilation

a-1 antagonist

• reflex tachycardia

• orthostatic hypotension

• first-dose phenomenon

a-1 antagonist S/E

Beta-Blockers

blocks b1 receptors

uses: HTN + CVD

Bradycardia

AV Block

Depression, Dizziness

Fatigue

Impotence

Sign of masked hypoglycemia

Hypotension

Beta-Blockers S/E

Lipid Soluble Beta Blockers

Propanolol

Labetalol

Metoprolol

Water-Soluble

Atenolol

Nadolol

Sotalol

first generation beta blockers

propanol

timolol

nadolol

sotalol

second generation beta blockers

Nevibolol

Betaxolol

Bisoprolol

Atenolol

Acetabutolol

Esmolol

Celiprolol

Metoprolol

Landiolol

Third generation beta blockers <selective>

Nevibolol

Third generation beta blockers <non-selective>

Labetalol

Carvedilol

Intrinsic sympathomimetic property <beta-blocker>

Cartelol

Celiprolol

Pindolol

Acetabutalol

Labetalol

Penbutolol

Oxprenolol

membrane-stabilizing property <beta-blocker>

• local anesthetic properties

Propanolol

Labetalol

Acetabutolol

Metoprolol

Pindolol

alpha 2 agonist drugs

Clonidine

Guanfacine

Methyldopa

S/E: coomb’s-positive hemolytic anemia

methyldopa

ACE inhibitors

first line drugs for patients with HTN & neuropathy (+CHF)

ACE inhibitors drugs

Captropril

Lisinopril

Folinopril

Enalapril

ACE inhibitors <non-pro drug>

Captopril

Lisinopril

S/E:

• Angioedema

• Dry cough

• elevated potassium

ACE inhibitors

adv: no dry cough

ARBs

ARBs Drugs

Candesartan

Losartan

Olmesartan

Valsartan

Eposartan

Irbesartan

Telmisartan

NEW: Azilsartan, Fimasartan

highest bioavailability ARBs

Irbesartan

highest DOA ARBs

Telmisartan

has vascular selectivity ccbs

dihydropyridines

CCBs drugs

Amlodipine

Nifedipine

Nicardipine

Nimodipine

CCBs drugs for pregnant; htn crisis

nifedipine

CCBs drugs for subarchnoid hemorrhage/ cerebral stroke

nicardipine

Vasodilator

A/E: reflex tachycardia, flushing

dihydropyridines

ccbs with cardioselectivity and vasodilatory effects

non-dihydropyridines

non-dihydropyridine drugs

verapamil

diltiazem

vasodilators

A/E:

• bradycardia

• constipation - verapamil

non-dihydropyridine ccbs

<direct acting vasodilator>

A/E: Sle-like

Hydralazine

<direct acting vasodilator>

A/E: cyanide toxicity

Nitroprusside

<direct acting vasodilator>

A/E: hyperglycemia

diazoxide

<direct acting vasodilator>

A/E: hypertrichosis

minoxidil

dopamine 1 agonist vasodilator

fenoldopam