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depth perception
the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional; allows us to judge distance
visual cliff
a laboratory device with a glass covered drop-off, for testing depth perception in infants and young animals
binocular cues
depth cues, such as retinal disparity, that depend on the use of two eyes
convergence
a binocular depth cue; we perceive that when our eyes converge more when looking at an object, the object is closer
retinal disparity
a binocular depth cue; we perceive that when the disparity between the two images cast on our retinas is greater, the object or objects are closer
monocular cues
depth cues available to either eye alone
relative clarity
a monocular depth cue; we perceive objects that are less distinct or less sharp as being more distant
relative size
a monocular depth cue; we perceive objects that cast a smaller image on the retina as further away
texture gradient
a monocular depth cue; a gradual change from a coarse distinct texture to a fine, indistinct texture signals increasing distance
linear perspective
a monocular depth cue; the more parallel lines converge, the greater their perceived distance
interposition
a monocular depth cue; we perceive an object that partially blocks our view of another object as closer