Environment, Solid Waste Management, and Drug Education

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering the physical environment, energy flow, ecological interactions, air and water pollution, solid waste management laws, and drug education including substance types and prevention measures.

Environment

Everything that surrounds us, including the natural world and human-made things.

Ecology

The study of how living and non-living things interact and depend on each other.

Ecosystem

A place where living and non-living things interact to support life.

Biodiversity

The variety of plants and animals in a community which provides environmental stability.

Succession

The gradual change in species within an ecosystem over time.

Climax community

The final stable stage of succession.

Organism

An individual living thing.

Species

Organisms that can reproduce together and share common genes.

Population

Members of the same species living in one place.

Community

Interacting populations of different species.

Predation

Interaction where one organism kills and eats another.

Competition

Interaction where organisms compete for limited resources.

Parasitism

Interaction where one organism benefits while feeding on another without immediately killing it.

Mutualism

Interaction where both species benefit.

Commensalism

Interaction where one species benefits while the other is unaffected.

Evolution by Natural Selection

The change in traits over time because of environmental conditions and unequal survival.

Co-evolution

The process where species evolve in response to one another.

Extinction

The irreversible disappearance of a population or species.

Air Pollution

The contamination of air by substances harmful to living organisms.

Mobile Sources

Moving sources of air pollution such as fossil-fuel vehicles.

Stationary Sources

Fixed sources of air pollution such as factories and power plants.

Greenhouse Effect

Process where greenhouse gases trap radiation and increase Earth’s temperature, causing global warming.

Republic Act No. 8749

The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 which provides a comprehensive air pollution control policy.

Earth Surface Water Coverage

$$\frac{3}{4}$$

Thermal Pollution

Water pollution caused by warm industrial water that harms aquatic life.

Siltation

The process of soil and sediments being carried into waterways.

Eutrophication

A condition where excess bacteria reduce dissolved oxygen in water.

Republic Act No. 9275

The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 which protects water bodies from land-based pollution.

Organic/Biodegradable Waste

Solid waste that can be converted into plant nutrients through composting.

Non-biodegradable/Recyclable Waste

Solid waste that can be used as raw materials for new products.

Non-biodegradable/Non-recyclable Waste

Solid waste harmful to soil that cannot be reused.

Hazardous Waste

Solid waste that requires treatment before disposal.

Reduce

One of the Four Rs; minimizing materials that create harmful waste.

Reuse

One of the Four Rs; continuing to use products while they remain safe.

Recycle

One of the Four Rs; converting waste into new products.

Refuse

One of the Four Rs; avoiding products with harmful packaging.

Composting

The process of converting biodegradable waste into plant nutrients through decomposers.

Republic Act No. 9003

The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 which promotes proper segregation, recycling, and disposal.

Drug

A substance used to treat health disorders.

Drug Abuse

Using a regulated or prohibited substance without proper authorization.

Drug Addiction

Repeated improper consumption characterized by strong desire, increased dosage, and physical or psychological dependence.

Drug Dependence

An uncontrollable drive to use a substance for physical or psychological stability.

Drug Tolerance

The condition of needing an increasing amount of a substance, which may cause overdose or death.

Withdrawal Syndrome

Discomfort and irritability experienced when a drug is not taken.

Prohibited Drugs

Highly dangerous substances used without authorization.

Regulated Drugs

Medicinal substances that may be harmful if used without authorization.

Narcotics

Highly addictive substances that slow the central nervous system, relieve pain, and may cause sleepiness.

Depressants or Sedatives

Substances that slow the central nervous system and cause calmness, relaxation, and reduced anxiety.

Barbiturates

A type of depressant that slows the brain and nervous system.

Stimulants

Substances that increase alertness, reduce fatigue, and prevent drowsiness.

Amphetamines

Stimulants used medically for ADHD and narcolepsy that may cause sleeplessness.

Methamphetamine (Shabu)

A powerful stimulant that may cause anxiety, irritability, and heart problems.

Hallucinogens

Substances that alter perception, thoughts, and feelings, such as LSD and Marijuana.

Inhalants

Household or industrial chemicals whose vapors produce intoxication when breathed or sniffed.

Supply Reduction

A pillar against illegal drugs aimed at stopping production, transportation, and distribution.

Demand Reduction

A pillar against illegal drugs aimed at reducing drug use through education, treatment, and rehabilitation.

Alternative Development

A pillar against illegal drugs that provides legal livelihoods to reduce illegal drug cultivation.

Civic Awareness

A pillar against illegal drugs that educates the public through community programs and campaigns.