chapter 5 geo notes (gr.9)

What does GDD stand for and what does it measure?

GDD stands for Growth Degree Days, which measures the warmth of a location's growing season.

What is the significance of higher GDD values?

The higher the GDD, the warmer the area is and the more variety and amount of crops you can grow.

What does FSC stand for and what does it do?

FSC stands for Forest Stewardship Council, which develops standards for responsible forestry and certifies products and organizations worldwide.

What is the purpose of the Canada Land Inventory (CLI)?

The CLI determines the land capability for agriculture and identifies land classes.

Which classes of land are considered good for growing commercial crops according to CLI?

Classes 1-4 are considered good for growing commercial crops.

What does MSC stand for and what is its focus?

MSC stands for Marine Stewardship Council, which sets standards for sustainable fishing and works with fisheries and governments.

Define intensive farming.

Intensive farming is a relatively small area of land requiring large amounts of labor, often located near urban areas.

Provide an example of intensive farming.

An example of intensive farming is dairy production or a grape/wine vineyard.

Define extensive farming.

Extensive farming involves a larger area of land with little manual labor, often focusing on mono culture.

What are deciduous trees?

Deciduous trees are hardwood trees that have no leaves during winter, growing at a slower rate and being higher density.

What are coniferous trees?

Coniferous trees are softwood trees that survive winter and poor soil, growing faster and being lower density.

What are ground fish?

Ground fish are fish that feed and are caught near the ocean floor, such as cod and halibut.

Define shellfish.

Shellfish are animals without a backbone that have a hard, protective shell, such as shrimp and lobster.

What are pelagic fish?

Pelagic fish are fish that feed and are caught near the surface, such as salmon and tuna.

What distinguishes offshore fishing from inshore fishing?

Offshore fishing accounts for 15% of the labor force and 90% of the total catch, using larger ships and crews.

What is clear cutting in forest harvesting?

Clear cutting is when entire forests or areas are cut down quickly and cheaply.

What is selective cutting?

Selective cutting is harvesting only mature trees that meet specific standards, making it the most sustainable type of cutting.

What trends are observed in farming?

The number of farms has decreased while the average farm size has increased and the number of tractors per farm has risen.

What is meant by mining a resource?

Mining a resource refers to exploiting a renewable resource in an unsustainable way, such as overfishing.

What is sustained yield management?

Sustained yield management is managing a renewable resource to ensure that harvesting does not cause long-term depletion.