Islam test review

muhammed

final prophet and messenger of god

caliph

a successor after Muhammed (confusion on who take his place)

Mecca/makkah

where Muhammed was born and where Qur'an was revealed

Madinah/medina

where Muhammed moved to after he suffered the loss of his family

Hijrah

event of Muhammed moved to after he suffering the loss of family and moving to Medina

• name means "migration"

Miraj

story of Muhammed + Gabriel ascending into 7 heavens, met the prophets and approached the thrown of god

Qur'an

holiest book of islam and means "recitation" ( not meant to be read, but spoken)

• words of god revealed to Muhammed by Gabriel

Allah

gods proper name

Hadith (sunnah)

Islamic law that further clarifies muslim practices ( prayer, almsgiving, etc)

Shahadah (creed)

all muslims must believe " there is no god but god and Muhammad is the messenger of god"

ka'bah

cubed shaped structure in Mecca used as focal point of prayer + house of god

Jihad

inner struggle against ones owns passions

hijab

a head covering worn by women by many muslims women to symbolize modesty and religious devotion

Ramadan

9th and holiest month of islamic calendars

• muslims fast during the hours of daylight

• meant to make everyone equal bc hunger is the same for rich and poor

Shi'ah

" party of Ali"

• shi'ahs believe Muhammed chose Ali as successor

• - Ali was chosen in favour of abu'bakr creating division within muslim community

sunni ( one of the 3 sects)

means " well traded path"

• believe in building consensus within the community in order for a just and equitable society

Sufi ( one of the 3 sects)

means "wool" and "purity" goal to develop spiritually to discover god fully

Imam

person who leads prayers in a mosque

mosque

islamic place of worship

Minbar

raised platform in mosque where imam stands to deliver sermons

communal prayer

practice of performing five prayer daily

Wudu

islamic ritual process of washing specific body parts before prayer

idolatry

greatest sin and refers to associating partners w/ god or worshiping anything but him

Eid

celebration of braking the fast - end of of Ramadan

whirling dervishes

muslims who practice sufism + perform a whirling dance as a form of worship

central beliefs

- muslims must surrender to god to find truth and knowledge

• not called to force others to believe islam

• soul moves to paradise or hell

Day of judgement

world will end and we will stand before god to confront our own life/actions

muslims view of Jesus

prophet born out of a virgin and messenger of god

diatary restriction

Halal: food that is allowed

• Haram: food that is not allowed (pork,pork byproducts, not slaughtered halal , intoxicating substances, etc)

women in islam

men and women are equal before god + modest and dignified dress applies to men and women

3 sects of islam

Sunnis , Shi'as and Sufis

muhammed revealtions

Gabriel appeared commanded him to recite, marked beginning of Qur'an

Muhammed in medinah

he established Medina as centre of islam state, and united various tribes

5 pillars of Islam

• Shahadah (creed)

• Salat (prayer)

• Zakat (almsgiving)

• Swam(fasting)

• Hajj (pilgrimage)

Shahadah( creed)

muslims recite anf belove " there is no god but god and Muhammed is the messenger of god"

Salat(prayer)

muslims pray five times daily

• must wash before prayer

• - kneel w/ forehead on ground

zakat( almsgiving)

muslims are required to give 2.5% of salary to church

• - symbolizing sign of justice

swam(fasting)

abstain from food, evil thoughts, drinking, etc. and from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan

Hajj (pilgrimage)

muslims are required to visit Mecca at least once in their life to pray at the Ka'ba

• much preparation to embark on journey

milestones

Aqiqah, marriage, polygamy, divorce,death

Aqiqah

name giving ceremony 7 days after birth

• father reads for Qur'an , name is chosen from previous family or Muhammeds names

• hair is cut and weighted in silver to be donated to the poor

marriage

hope of union between man and women to bring happiness and to create a family, contract signed contains wishes regarding relationship

polygamy

winer a man marry more then one wife ( max 4)

• permission from the first wife is needed - intentions must be pure ( such as marrying a poor and vulnerable window etc.

divorce

permitted but would b last result

• not in the best interest of the muslim community to forced couple to stay married 

death

approach as a sense of hope opposed too fear

• burial must take place the day of the death

• Qur’an is recited and the soul pertains the day of judgment