AP World Historadam smithy Units 5-6 Study Guide (Ch 11, 17-21)

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
full-widthCall with Kai
GameKnowt Play
New
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/72

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms, events, and figures from AP World History Units 5-6, providing definitions and context for exam preparation.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

73 Terms

1
New cards

imperialism

A policy or practice in which a country extends its power and influence over other nations or territories, often through military force, colonization, or economic domination.

2
New cards

Enlightenment

A cultural and intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism.

3
New cards

Adam Smith

A Scottish economist and philosopher, Adam Smith is best known for his works including "The Wealth of Nations," where he laid the foundations for modern economic theory, advocating for free markets and the 'invisible hand' guiding economic activity.

4
New cards

John Locke

Philosopher known for ideas related to natural rights and the social contract.

5
New cards

Mary Wollstonecraft

An advocate for women's rights, best known for her work 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman'.

6
New cards

American Revolution

The conflict from 1775-1783 in which the American colonies gained independence from British rule.

7
New cards

French Revolution

A period of radical social and political change in France from 1789 to 1799.

8
New cards

Louis XIV

Known as the 'Sun King', he ruled France for over 70 years and is remembered for his absolute monarchy.

9
New cards

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

A fundamental document of the French Revolution that outlines individual and collective rights.

10
New cards

Maximilien Robespierre

A leading figure in the French Revolution known for his role during the Reign of Terror.

11
New cards

Nationalism

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation.

12
New cards

Napoleon Bonaparte

A military leader and Emperor of France who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and its subsequent wars.

13
New cards

Congress of Vienna

A conference of European ambassadors held to create a long-term peace plan after the fall of Napoleon.

14
New cards

Conservative

A political philosophy that emphasizes tradition and maintains existing institutions.

15
New cards

Liberal

A political philosophy advocating for civil liberties, individual rights, and democracy.

16
New cards

Socialism

An economic system where the means of production are owned and regulated by the community as a whole.

17
New cards

Karl Marx

Philosopher and economist known for his theories about capitalism and communism.

18
New cards

Feminist movement

A social and political movement aimed at establishing equal rights for women.

19
New cards

Mass Leisure culture

A societal development in which the majority of the population participates in leisure activities.

20
New cards

Charles Darwin

Naturalist known for developing the theory of evolution through natural selection.

21
New cards

Social Darwinism

The application of Darwin's theories to justify social policies, often used to justify inequality.

22
New cards

Sepoys

Indian soldiers serving under British command.

23
New cards

British Raj

The period of direct British rule over India from 1858 to 1947.

24
New cards

Tropical dependencies

Colonial territories mainly located in tropical regions mainly ruled by European powers.

25
New cards

Settlement colonies

Colonies where settlers from the colonizing country established permanent residences.

26
New cards

White Dominions

Colonies in the British Empire where large numbers of European settlers lived.

27
New cards

White racial supremacy

The belief that white people are superior to people of other races.

28
New cards

Boer Republic

Independent republics established by Dutch settlers in South Africa.

29
New cards

Cecil Rhodes

A British imperialist known for his influence in southern Africa, including diamond mining.

30
New cards

Anglo-Boer War

A conflict between the British Empire and two Boer Republics from 1899 to 1902.

31
New cards

Toussaint L'Ouverture

Leader of the Haitian Revolution who helped lead the first successful slave revolt.

32
New cards

Father Miguel de Hidalgo

A priest who is considered a leader of the Mexican War of Independence.

33
New cards

Simon Bolivar

A South American revolutionary leader who fought for independence from Spanish rule.

34
New cards

Gran Colombia

A republic that included several South American countries formed after independence.

35
New cards

Jose de San Martin

Argentine general and prime leader in the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence.

36
New cards

Pedro I

The first Emperor of Brazil who declared independence from Portugal.

37
New cards

Caudillos

Military or political leaders in Spanish-speaking regions in Latin America.

38
New cards

Centralists

Those who support a strong central government over regional authorities.

39
New cards

Federalists

Advocates for a system of government that divides power between national and local governments.

40
New cards

General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

A Mexican general and politician known for his role in the Mexican-American War.

41
New cards

Guano

Fertilizer made from the accumulated excrement of seabirds, used for agriculture.

42
New cards

Auguste Comte

Philosopher known as the father of sociology who proposed the secular system of positivism.

43
New cards

Mexican-American War

A conflict between the US and Mexico from 1846 to 1848, resulting in territories gained by the US.

44
New cards

Benito Juarez

A Mexican lawyer and politician who served as president and is known for his reforms.

45
New cards

Argentine Republic

A country in South America that was formerly part of the Spanish Empire.

46
New cards

Spanish-American War

A conflict between Spain and the United States in 1898 resulting in the U.S. acquisition of territories.

47
New cards

Panama Canal

A waterway that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, opened in 1914.

48
New cards

Mahmud II

An Ottoman sultan known for his efforts to reform and modernize the empire.

49
New cards

Tanzimat reforms

A series of reforms in the Ottoman Empire intended to modernize and secure the state.

50
New cards

Ottoman Society for Union and Progress (Young Turks)

A political reform movement in the Ottoman Empire that sought modernization and reform.

51
New cards

Muhammad Ali

An Albanian commander who became the Ottoman governor of Egypt, he is known for modernizing Egypt and implementing significant reforms in agriculture, industry, and military.

52
New cards

Khedives

Egyptian viceroys who ruled under nominal Ottoman sovereignty.

53
New cards

Suez Canal

The artificial waterway connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, vital for trade.

54
New cards

Muhammad Ahmad

Also known as the Mahdi, he led a revolt against the British in Sudan.

55
New cards

Kangxi

One of the longest-reigning emperors of China, known for his strong leadership.

56
New cards

Opium War

Conflict between Britain and China over opium trade, resulting in significant concessions for Britain.

57
New cards

Taiping Rebellion

A massive civil war in China from 1850 to 1864, led by Hong Xiuquan.

58
New cards

Self-strengthening movement

A period of institutional reform in China during the late Qing Dynasty.

59
New cards

Cixi

A powerful empress dowager who effectively controlled the Chinese Qing Dynasty.

60
New cards

Boxer Rebellion

An anti-foreigner uprising in China in 1900, aiming to expel foreign influence.

61
New cards

Sun Yat-sen

Chinese physician and politician known as the 'Father of the Republic' of China.

62
New cards

Holy Alliance

A coalition of monarchies in Europe formed to prevent revolutions.

63
New cards

Crimean War

A conflict fought from 1853 to 1856, primarily over the rights of religious minorities in the Ottoman Empire.

64
New cards

Emancipation of the serfs

The process of freeing serfs in Russia, which occurred in 1861 under Tsar Alexander II.

65
New cards

Zemstvos

Local self-government bodies established in Russia during the reforms of Tsar Alexander II.

66
New cards

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov

Better known as Lenin, he was the leader of the Bolshevik Revolution.

67
New cards

Bolsheviks

A faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labor Party that ultimately seized power in 1917.

68
New cards

Russo-Japanese War

A conflict fought between Russia and Japan in 1904-1905 over rival imperial ambitions.

69
New cards

Duma

The legislative assembly in the Russian Empire, created after the 1905 revolution.

70
New cards

Matthew Perry

U.S. naval officer who played a key role in opening Japan to the West.

71
New cards

Zaibatsu

Large Japanese business conglomerates that played a significant role in Japan's economy.

72
New cards

Sino-Japanese War

War between China and Japan in 1894-1895, resulting in Japanese victory and territorial gains.

73
New cards

Yellow peril

Racist ideology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that depicted East Asians as a threat to Western civilization, reflecting Western fears of immigration and competition.