Skeletal system BIO 315

Cranial cavity

Calvaria

“skull cap”

Cranial base

*flat hand*

Anterior cranial fossa

Middle cranial fossa

Posterior cranial fossa

Orbits

Nasal cavities

Bony nasal septum

Piriform aperture

Hard palate: constructed from parts of the maxilla and palatine bone

Zygomatic arch: constructed from parts of the zygomatic and temporal bones

Infratemporal fossa

Coronal suture

Lambdoidal suture

Sagittal suture

Squamous suture

Supraorbital margin of frontal b.

Parietal bones

Frontal bone

Occipital bone

External occipital protuberance of the occipital b.

Occipital condyles of the occipital b.

Nuchal lines of occipital b.

Temporal bones

Mastoid process of temporal b.

Styloid process of temporal b.

Zygomatic process of temporal b.

Petrous portion of temporal b.

Mandibular fossa of temporal b.

Ethmoid bone

Crista galli of ethmoid b.

Cribriform plate of ethmoid b. : The tiny holes are for the olfactory nerves

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid b.

Orbital plate of ethmoid b.

Superior conchae of ethmoid b.

Middle conchae of ethmoid b.

Sphenoid bone

Greater wing of sphenoid b.

Lesser wing of sphenoid b.

Sella turcica of sphenoid b. : The pituitary gland rests here

Pterygoid processes of sphenoid b.

Lateral plates of pterygoid processes of sphenoid b.

Medial plates of pterygoid processes of sphenoid b.

Mandible

Body of mandible

Dental alveoli of mandible b.

Angle of mandible b.

Ramus of mandible b.

Coronoid process of mandible b.

Condylar process of mandible

Head of condyle of mandible b.

Maxillae

Body of maxilla

Dental alveoli of the maxillae b.

Infraorbital margin of the maxillae b.

Palatine process of the maxillae b.

Zygomatic bones

Temporal process of zygomatic b.

Nasal bones

Palatine bones

Horizontal plate of palatine b.

Perpendicular plate of palatine b.

Lacrimal bones

Opening for nasolacrimal duct of lacrimal b.

Inferior nasal conchae

Vomer

Supraorbital foramen

Infraorbital foramen

Mental foramen

Optic canal

Superior orbital fissure

Inferior orbital fissure

External acoustic meatus

Cribriform foramina

Optic canals

Foramen rotundum

Foramen ovale

Foramen spinosum

Foramen lacerum

Internal acoustic meatus

Jugular foramen

d

Foramen magnum

Foramen ovale

Foramen spinosum

Foramen lacerum: filled with cartilage in the living.

Carotid canal:For the internal carotid artery. The carotid canal opens into the cranial cavity via foramen lacerum.

Jugular foramen

Stylomastoid foramen

Hypoglossal canal: below the tongue

foramen magnum

Incisive fossa

Greater palatine foramen

Mandibular foramen: internal surface of mandible

Frontal sinuses

Maxillary sinuses: largest perinasal sinuses

Ethmoid air cells: As many as 20 separate air spaces

Anterior fontanelle

Posterior fontanelle