National 5 Biology - 1.4 - Proteins & Enzymes

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 10 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/25

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

26 Terms

1
New cards

Proteins

Molecules made of amino acid sequences.

2
New cards

The sequence of amino acids

Controls the shape and function of proteins

3
New cards

Structural Proteins

Hold tissues together e.g. collagen

4
New cards

Hormones

Are chemical messengers which carry a message from a gland to a receptor via the blood.

5
New cards

Antibodies

Antibodies are proteins, made by white blood cells, which destroy pathogens

6
New cards

Receptors

Bind to a hormone and tell the target cell what to do.

7
New cards

Enzymes

Are biological catalysts and are made by all living cells.

8
New cards

Biological catalysts

Speed up chemical reactions in cells and remain unchanged in the process

9
New cards

Active site

Where the substrate fits into the enzyme and is complementary shape to it.

10
New cards

Substrate

The reactant in a reaction, and is specific to an enzyme

11
New cards

Catalase

Enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide.

12
New cards

Product

The molecule made by an enzyme-controlled reaction.

13
New cards

Optimum conditions

Are the temperature and pH which the enzymes are most active.

14
New cards

Denatured

When the active site changes shape and affects the rate of reaction.

15
New cards

An example of a degradation reaction is?

starch - amylase → maltose

16
New cards

An example of a synthesis reaction is?

G-1-P - phosphorylase → starch

17
New cards

Catalase formula

hydrogen peroxide - catalase → oxygen + water

18
New cards

Which type of substance are enzymes made of?

Protein

19
New cards

Which word describes the relationship between the shape of the active site of an enzyme and the shape of its specific substrate?

Complementary

20
New cards

What effect does denaturation have on the activity of an enzyme?

Decreased

21
New cards

What is the name of a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction, but is unchanged by the process?

Catalyst

22
New cards

What are the two variables that can affect an enzyme

Temperature and pH

23
New cards

What is degradation?

Breaking a large substrate into small molecules

24
New cards

What is synthesis?

Making a large product from small molecules

25
New cards

Explain a degradation reaction?

Enzyme and substrate joins together. It forms enzyme-substrate complex. A reaction occurs at active site of the enzyme. Two products have been made.

26
New cards

Explain a synthesis reaction

A substrate (the smaller molecules) binds to the active site of the enzyme. A reaction occurs at active site of the enzyme. One product has been made