Neuromuscular Conditions Review

Flashcards for Neuromuscular Conditions Review

Neuromuscular Conditions

Conditions affecting the central (brain and spinal cord) and/or peripheral nervous systems (motor and sensory nerves).

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

An idiopathic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, characterized by nerve demyelination.

Sclerotic Lesions

Plaques (scleroses) that develop in the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve white matter in MS patients.

Common Early Indicators of MS

Visual impairments, motor control difficulties, and paraesthesia.

Signs and Symptoms of MS

Optic Neuritis, Nystagmus, Paraesthesia, Spasticity, Muscle Weakness & Ataxia, Loss of Coordination & Balance, Numbness & Pain, Visual Disturbances, Symptomatic Fatigue, Bladder & Bowel Dysfunction, Cognitive & Emotional Dysfunction, Sexual Dysfunction

Three Main Courses of MS Progression

Relapsing-Remitting (RRMS), Primary Progressive (PPMS), Secondary Progressive (SPMS)

Parkinson's Disease (PD)

A progressive degenerative disorder affecting the central nervous system due to loss of dopaminergic neurons.

Key Features of Parkinson's Disease

Bradykinesia, muscular rigidity, resting tremor, and postural instability.

Length of Presymptomatic Phase of Parkinson's Disease

Four to six years.

Three Notable Progression Stages of Parkinson's Disease

Development of postural instability, dementia, and death.

Health Professionals for Neuromuscular Conditions

General Practitioners (GPs) and Nurses, Neurology Specialists, Exercise Physiologists, Dietitians, Physical and Speech Therapists, Psychologists and Social Workers

Medications for MS

Interferon β-1a/b, Benzodiazepines, SSRIs and SNRIs

Common Mode for Aerobic Assessment in MS Patients

Cycle ergometer, 2-3 minute stages increasing by 10-25 W.

First-Line Treatments for Parkinson's Disease

Dopamine precursors (e.g., levodopa) and dopamine agonists.

Critical Adjunct of Exercise in Parkinson's Disease Patients

To maintain motor and cognitive function and prevent mental health challenges and secondary disease risk.

Effective Alternative to GXT for Parkinson's Disease Patients

The 6-minute walk test (6MWT).

Key Purposes of Exercise Intervention in MS and PD

Maintain physical function, reduce cardiometabolic risk factors, and improve QoL.

Primary Objectives of Exercise Prescription for MS

Retain or improve physical and mental health and function, maintaining the ability to perform ADLs and live independently.

Neuromuscular conditions Definition

Neuromuscular conditions are a group of disorders affecting the Central (brain and spinal cord) and/or Peripheral Nervous Systems (motor and sensory nerves).

Multiple Sclerosis Definition

Multiple Sclerosis is an inflammatory auto-immune disorder causing neural demyelination and lesions.

Parkinson's Disease Definition

Parkinsonʼs Disease is a progressive degenerative disease causing loss of dopamine.