HAID: Early Christian, Byzantine

Early Christian

art was produced in the catacombs where Christians would gather

Catacombs

underground burial chambers

Bema

platforms which composes the sanctuary

Constantine the Great

the golden age of Byzantine was his reign; the first Christian emperor

Basilicas

during the Early Christian period old _ were turned to churches

Gold

illuminated manuscripts were written on vellum and colored in
_

Iconoclasticism

argued that images of holy figures were tantamount to idolatry.

Nimbus

halo inscribed with a cross

Pendentives

an inverted concave triangle that springs from a corner of the square curving up to meet other pendetives

Squinch

are structural elements that allow a dome or other circular or polygonal structure to be placed on a square or polygonal base

Minarets

a tall slender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslims to prayer

Basilica

a former hall of justice and was redesigned to be a place of worship

Mausoleum

a large tomb that houses an elite

Baptiseries

used for sacrament of baptism

Ambulatory

a circular barrel-vaulted passage which runs between the central space and exterior walls

Martyrium

sanctuaries that enshrines a tomb of a martyr or a relic

Centralized Plan

byzantine church plan developed in the Roman baths that are radiating from a central point and surrounded by a dome

Basilica Plan

Latin cross layout

Ecclesius

Bishop

Apse

projecting part of the building usually semi-circular

Transept

the cross arms in a Christian church

Nave

the long narrow central area used to house the congregation

Ambulatory

a semi circular walkways with chapels offit.

Church of San Vitale

greatest example of Early Byzantine architecture most famous for its mosaics

Church of the Holy Wisdom

major cathedral in Constantinople commissioned by Emperor Justin, designed by Anthemios of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus

St. Mark Basilica in Venice

-has onion domes and is a Greek cross plan

-largest and most lavishly decorated Church of the 2nd golden age

Hagia Sophia

basilica with a narthex at the west and an altar framed by an apse at the east

Christ Pantocrator

in Greek means "ruler of all” or "all-powerful" and is used in Christian iconography to depict Jesus Christ as the almighty ruler of the universe, often in Byzantine art. 

Corbels

brackets set into the wall to carry a beam