humanities test 2

why might it be beneficial to farm insects as a source of protein rather than livestock?

insects require much less food than cattle but produce the same amount of protein

why might it be unethical to farm bugs for human or animal consumption?

bugs may be sentient

why is the presence of sharks in the ocean so important?

for biodiversity and trophic reasons, they help maintain balance in the natural food chain

what is bycatch?

the accidental catching and killing of fish other than the intended species

why is the californian almond production bad for bees?

extreme monoculture, bees often end up malnourished, pesticides kill them

what are the types of waste for garbage collection?

• food waste

  • cooked food waste

  • uncooked food waste

• recyclable waste

• non-recyclable waste

what are the reasons for food waste?

• food was never harvested

• lost in processing

• thrown away in restaurants and homes

• rotting in landfills

what are the sources of food waste?

• farms

• retailers and producers

• consumers

what are the three main types of concerns regarding food waste?

• environmental

• poverty

• ethical

what are the environmental benefits of producing less food?

• reduce food waste

• reduce land use

• reduce resource use

• less use of pesticides on crops

• less use of antibiotics and growth hormones on livestock

• conserve land for future generations

based on the interview with earth island institute in seaspiracy, is there such a thing as “dolphin-safe” tuna?

no, there’s no way to guarantee that no dolphins are harmed through bycatch

true or false: the great pacific garbage patch is composed primarily of plastic straws

false, the great pacific garbage patch is primarily composed of plastic from fishing equipment

why is seafloor deforestation so detrimental?

sea plants are especially important carbon sinks

how does fishing negatively affect humans?

slave labour and human trafficking

what are the problems with fish farming?

fish contract diseases, same ethical concerns as with industrial livestock farming

what health risks does eating fish pose?

possible contamination from runoff into oceans and lakes

other than by eating fish, where else can humans get omega-3 fatty acids?

from algae

based on the evidence presented in seaspiracy, is there such a thing as sustainable fishing?

not on an industrial scale, traditional fishing is much more sustainable as a practice

what is food sovereignty?

peoples’ right to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced through ecologically sound and sustainable methods

what is a circular food system or circular food economy?

waste is either prevented or recycled back into the system to nourish the entire food system

true or false: vertical farming is not energetically well optimized, and therefore wastes more energy than both traditional or conventional farming

false, vertical farming is extremely energy and space efficient

what is the solution to animal proteins proposed by the bbc in feeding the future?

cellular agriculture

what are the stages at which the most avoidable food waste occurs?

• manufacturing

• consumers

• processing

true or false: best before dates state the date by which the food is at its highest quality, not safety

true

what is the hierarchy for food recovery?

1. source reduction

2. feed hungry people

3. feed animals

4. industrial uses

5. composting

6. landfill / incineration

how is food waste a crime against humanity?

wasting potential resources and food that could have fed the hungry

which country was the first to pass a piece of legislation addressing the food waste problem, and what was the law called?

usa, bill emerson good samaritan food donation act

which country was the first to pass a piece of legislation which mandated retailers to do their part against food waste, and what was the law called?

france, fight against food waste

what did italy’s law no. 166 add alongside food donations to france’s fight against food waste law?

pharmaceutical goods and medicine

what recommendations do the authors of anti-food waste laws make for future anti-food waste laws?

• objectives and strategies should be made clear

• donatable food should be specifically defined

• waste should be specifically defined

• legislature has to decide on whether food donation efforts are mandatory or voluntary

• actors of food donation but be identified

• liability issues must be addressed

• contracts can be used as enforcement and a monitoring mechanism

• legislature should consider additional incentives to promote food donation

• provide a law which prevents retailers and food producers from destroying otherwise edible surplus food

• education should be a key component