Characterizing aphasic errors

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Last updated 4:11 PM on 9/11/26
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9 Terms

1
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what are some main kinds of aphasic errors?

  • agrammatism

  • jaron

  • anomia

  • circumlocutions

  • paraphasias (3 main kinds)

  • stereotypic utterances


2
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<p>what is agrammatism? what kind of lesions or impairment is it associated with?</p>

what is agrammatism? what kind of lesions or impairment is it associated with?

agrammatism: speech that mainly contains content words, some grammatical morphemes drop out of utterances

associated with frontal lesions, expressive impairment, telegraphic speech

example: “go store. buy milk”

3
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what is jargon? what kind of aphasia is it associated with?

jargon: fluent, effortless speech that is completely incomprehensible to others. has regular melody/prosody

associated with fluent aphasia

example: “the blenzy is cooking in the frambit”

<p>jargon: fluent, effortless speech that is completely incomprehensible to others. has regular melody/prosody</p><p>associated with fluent aphasia</p><p>example: “the blenzy is cooking in the frambit”</p>
4
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<p>what is anomia?</p>

what is anomia?

inability to find words or name objects. most common complaint by people with aphasia

5
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<p>what are circumlocutions?</p>

what are circumlocutions?

when a person can’t come up with a word so they talk around it or try to explain it. can be an error, but can also be a strategy

6
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<p>what are paraphasias? what are the 3 main kinds?</p>

what are paraphasias? what are the 3 main kinds?

paraphasias: incorrect word/nonword is substituted for an intended target word

3 kinds: phonemic paraphasias, semantic paraphasias, neologistic paraphasias

7
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<p>what are phonemic paraphasias (aka literal paraphasias)? give an example</p>

what are phonemic paraphasias (aka literal paraphasias)? give an example

a person substitutes, adds, rearranges, or removes sounds within a word, resulting in a mispronounced word that is still recognizable. sound-based error


example: “goggee” for “coffee”

8
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<p>what are semantic paraphasias? what are the 4 kinds? give an example for each</p>

what are semantic paraphasias? what are the 4 kinds? give an example for each

a person substitutes an intended word for a different word that is usually related in meaning or category

4 kinds:

coordinate error → same level: eg. truck for car, tea for coffee

subordinate error → too specific: eg. sedan for car

superordinate error → too general: eg. vehicle for car

unpredictably related → related in meaning but no pattern: eg. garage for car

9
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<p>what are neologistic paraphasias? give an example</p>

what are neologistic paraphasias? give an example

when a person substitutes an intended word with a made-up, non-real word. random nonwords that are used consistently

eg. “planker” for comb