Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic cells

Bacteria/E.coli are

Prokaryotic

Plant and Animal cells are

Eukaryotic

Prokaryotes have

no nucleus and lack membrane-bound organelles, Plasmid, Naked DNA

Prokaryotic cells undergo

Binary fission

Eukaryotic cells undergo

mitosis (centrioles)

slime capsule is made of

glycocalyx

slime capsule makes the cell

not easy to hydrolyze/kill

cell wall in prokaryotes is made of

peptioglycan

cell wall of a plant cell is made of

cellulose

cell walls are

FULLY permeable

cell membranes are

SEMI-permeable

Flagella and Cilia

movement in a liquid environment

Pili(us)

helps to stick to environment

chemical reactions occur in

cytoplasm/cytosol

small circular DNA chain (protein codes)

Plasmid

located in nucleoid region

Naked DNA

Naked DNA

NOT protein wrapped

Chromatin

IS protein wrapped DNA

70s Ribosomes

in prokaryotic cells, mitochondria, and chloroplast

80s Ribosomes

plant and animal cells

protein synthesis (translation)

Ribosomes

Helps in cell division+increases SA

Mesosome

creates ribosomes

Nucleolus

thin fibrous elements

Cytoskeleton

the cytoskeleton

acts as a support system for organelles

composed of 9 sets of microtubules, exist in PAIRS

Centrioles

Centrioles aid in

Mitosis

Basal bodies

assembly of microtubules in cilia/flagella

rER

creates and processes proteins for secretion

sER

lipid synthesis and breakdown of toxic substances

stacked flat sacs

Golgi Apparatus

the Golgi Apparatus

recieves and redistributes proteins through out the cell

Lysosomes

spherical, contains enzymes

used to lyse or breakdown materials

lysosomes

Peroxisome

uesd specifically to lyse hydrogen peroxide

3 double membranes organelles

mitochondrion, chloroplast, nucleus

cell wall is made of chitin (carbs) in

Fungal Cells

Fungal cells have

larger food vacuoles and NO centrioles

Vacuole

membrane bound FLUID, large in plants

Chromoplast

synthesis and storage of other pigments

Leukoplast

store food (starch, proteins, lipids)

Mitochondra

2 membranes, Cellular Respiration

Chloroplast

2 membranes, Photosynthesis