Cardiovascular System Study Deck

portal system

carry blood between capillary beds without passing through the heart

thoracic cavity

cavity that houses the heart and lungs

mediastinal pleura- (parietal pleura)

the most outer pleura surrounding the heart

fibrous pericardium

made of connective tissue surrounding the heart (most obvious to see)

parietal pericardium-(serous membrane)

shiny membrane inside the fibrous pericardium (they are attached to each other)

visercal pericardium- (serous membrane)

directly on the heart, the inner most layer

right atrium

YELLOW

left ventricle

GREEN

left atrium

PINK

right ventricle

BLUE-sends blood AWAY from heart

apex

"tip" of the heart, landmark to find everything else

right auricle

YELLOW ARROW- blind ended chamber "pouch" inside looks different

left auricle

PINK ARROW-blind ended chamber "pouch" inside looks different

coronary sulcus

BLUE

interventricular groove

RED

coronary sulcus

PINK

interventricular septum

BLACK-between atria

cranial vena cava

RED brings blood INTO heart

caudal vena cava

GREEN

right atrium

YELLOW

smooth walls

what kind of muscle inside the atriums and ventricles

veins

brings blood TO the heart

arteries

brings blood AWAY from the heart

right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)

RED

left atrioventricular valve (bicuspid valve)

GREEN

papillary muscles

PURPLE

chordae tendineae

BLACK-holds the muscles to the valves

pulmonary artery

PINK-DEoxygenated blood away from the heart

pulmonary trunk

RED

pulmonary (seminlunar) valve

GREEN-prevents backflow

pulmonary veins

BLUE- brings blood TO the heart

ascending aorta

BLACK LINE- pumping blood AWAY from heart very high pressure

aortic (semilunar) valve

BLACK CIRCLES-prevents back flow to the left ventricle

pectinate muscles

BLACK ARROWS-muscles making up the inside of auricles

fossa ovalis

RED- in newborn hearts where there used to be a flap while in the stomach

foramen ovale

YELLOW DOTTED- open flap from when we were a fetus with not functioning lungs (skips ventricle since it doesn't need to delivery blood to lungs)

ductus arteriosus

BLACK DOTS- direct connection between pulmonary trunk and aorta

round ligament

the left over "umbilical vein" after birth

ligamentum arteriosum

BLACK DOTS- becomes ligamented when the lungs start functioning again

ductus arteriosus

a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta

PDA- patent ductus arteriosus

premature infants- commonin dogs and cats when the ductus arteriosus is still open

trabeculae canrneae

strengthens the walls with tendon like features

left ventricle

pushing blood out to the entire body

right ventricle

pushing blood towards the lungs too become oxygenated

septomarginal band

fibrous and muscular connection between interventriculuar septum and the right ventricular wall; carrier nerve (Purkinje) fibres

girraffe hearts

not that large of a heart because of the long way to pump blood to its brain, but they are much THICKER

coronary arteries

uses a "flap" system to avoid high pressured blood

anastomoses

more frequent in dogs than pig or human made by connecting groups from coronary arteries

mycardial infarction

a blockage from a clot in the artery

aortic arch

BLUE- the part of the aorta that arches and turns downward

thoracic aortic

GREEN- the "end" of the aortic arch

brachiocephalic (arm and head) trunk

PURPLE- quickly divides

right subclavian

BLUE- goes to the arms, beneath the clavicle

right and left common carotid

GREEN- goes to the head

common carotid a

GREEN

bracheiocephalic

BLUE

subclavian aa

BROWN

vertebral artery

the first branch of the subclavian artery; divided into four parts

superficial cervical a

branches off from the subclavian artery

common carotid artery

largest carotid artery

laryngeal artery

bringing blood to the larynx

internal carotid artery

carotid that brings blood into the skull

lingual artery

bringing blood to the tongue

inferior alveolar artery

bringing blood to the lower mandible teeth

facial artery

brings blood to the lips and nosee

superficial temporal artery

brings blood to the scalp and massester

caudal auricular artery

brings blood to the extinsic ear

occipital artery

most caudal end of head bringing blood to the head and neck

rete mirabile

animal (cats and ruminants) without an internal carotid will have this instead

jugular veins

brings blood away from the head

transverse jugular vein

brings blood away from th chin tongue and larynx

subclavian vein

goes towards thee arm; a continuation of the axillary vein; joins the internal jugular to form the brachiocephalic vein

internal jugular vein

joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein that goes from the cranial cavity

bracheocephalic vein

a branch from the cranial vena cava that combines the subclavian and veins from the braincase

linguofacial vein

brings blood away from tongue and face

cranial vena cava

largest vein bringing blood to the heart from the head

celiac artery

brings blood to the fore gut; stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

cranial mesenteric artery

brings blood to the midgut; small intesteine, pancreas, cecum, colon

caudal mesenteric artery

brings blood to the hind gut; colon, rectum

hepatic, left gastric, splenic

under the celiac artery and branches into three

left gastric artery

brings blood to the lesser curavture of the stomach

splenic artery

brings blood to the spleen

hepatic artery

arteries that supply the liver

right gastric artery

a branch of the hepatic artery that supplies the pyloric portion of the stomach on the lesser curvature towards thee right side

left gastroepiploic artery

brings blood towards the spleen and between the greater curvature

cranial pancreasticoduodenal

brings blood towards the pancreas and duodenum

right gastrooepiploic artery

brings blood towards the right side of the greater curvature of the stomach

anastomosis

a surgical connection between two structures. It usually means a connection that is created between tubular structures, such as blood vessels or loops of intestine

abdominal artery

conotinuationof thoracic aorta past the diaphragm

celiac, cranial mesenteric, caudal mesenteric

three branches of the abdominal artery

middle colic artery

branches to the transverse colon

right colic artery

goes to the ascending colon

caudal prancreaticoduodenal artery

branches to the pancreas from the caudal side

intestinal aortic arteries

blood to the main part of the jejunum, lots of loops and a network

ileocolic artery

supplies the terminal part of the ileum and the cecum and the vermiform appendix and the ascending colon

arteries

this sends blood away from the heart

veins

brings blood towards the heart

pulmonary

carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated back to the heart

systemic

supplies blood to all regions of the body including the lungs

veins

drain capillary beds