Key Concepts in Federalism and Political Science

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12 Terms

1

E. E. Schattschneider

A political scientist known for his work on political parties and interest groups, arguing that democracy is heavily influenced by elites.

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2

Federalism

A system of government where power is divided between a central (national) government and regional (state) governments.

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3

James Madison (Ambition)

In Federalist No. 51, Madison argued that ambition must be made to counteract ambition, meaning government should have checks and balances to prevent abuse of power.

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4

Devolution

The transfer of power from the federal government to state and local governments.

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5

New Federalism

A political philosophy that emphasizes returning power to the states, often associated with Presidents Nixon and Reagan.

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6

Home Rule

The power given to local governments by a state to manage their own affairs without direct state interference.

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7

Expressed Powers

Powers specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution (e.g., the power to tax, regulate commerce, and declare war).

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8

Concurrent Powers

Powers shared by both the federal and state governments, such as the power to tax, borrow money, and enforce laws.

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9

Implied Powers

Powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but inferred from the Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause).

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10

Grants: Block Grants

A federal grant given to states with broad guidelines on how to spend the money, allowing flexibility in implementation.

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11

Grants: Categorical Grants

A federal grant given to states for a specific purpose, with strict regulations on how the money must be used.

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12

Unfunded Mandates

Federal requirements that states must follow without receiving federal funding to support them.

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