Study Guide 1

anatomical position

neck neutral, shoulders adducted, elbows extended, forearms supinated, wrists neutral, fingers and thumbs extended, hips adducted, knees extended, ankles and toes neutral

coronal/frontal plane

divide anterior and posterior

sagittal plane

divide body into left and right, medial and lateral midpoint

transverse plane

divide superior and inferior

anterior

front of body

posterior

back of body

medial

midline of body

lateral

further from midline

superior

close to head

inferior

closer to feet

proximal

closer to the trunk

distal

further from the trunk

cranial

closer to brain

caudal

closer to tailbone

superficial

closer to skin surface

deep

further from skin surface

axial skeleton bones

skull bones, facial bones, hyoid bone, spine, tailbone, intercostals, sternum

structural division of the nervous system

central and peripheral

structures of the CNS

brain, spinal cords, cranial nerves 1 and 2

structures of the PNS

cranial nerve 2-12, spinal nerves, visceral nerves, nerve plexuses, enteric system

functional division of the nervous system

autonomic and somatic

visceral nervous system function

involuntary movements

visceral system division

sympathetic and parasympathetic

sympathetic nervous system specific functions

inc HR, bronchodilation, pupil dilation, vasoconstriction, sweating, GI tract constricts

parasympathetic nervous system specific functions

slows HR, stimulates digestion, conserves energy, contracts pupils, promotes urination

somatic nervous system

voluntary movements, controls skeletal muscles

scapulothoracic joint elevation example

shrugging shoulder

scapulothoracic joint depression example

pushing up from a chair

scapulothoracic joint abduction example

throwing a punch in boxing

scapulothoracic joint adduction example

pulling open a door or starting a lawn mower

scapulothoracic joint upward rotation example

raising hand, grabbing something from a high shelf

scapulothoracic joint downward rotation example

reaching for something behind you

glenohumeral joint flexion example

raising hand, grabbing something off a high shelf

glenohumeral joint extension example

preparing to bowl

glenohumeral joint vertical abduction example

upward phase of jumping jack

glenohumeral joint vertical adduction example

downward phase of jumping jack

glenohumeral joint horizontal abduction example

swimming breaststroke or hand behind passenger seat when backing up

glenohumeral joint horizontal adduction example

giving a hug

glenohumeral joint external rotation example

preparing to throw a football

glenohumeral joint internal rotation example

tucking in a shirt in the back

elbow joint flexion example

bringing phone to ear

elbow joint extension example

putting something in the oven, doing a pushup

proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints pronation example

typing

proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints supination

applying makeup

wrist (radiocarpal) joint extension example

holding a plank

wrist (radiocarpal) joint flexion example

opening a jar

wrist (radiocarpal) joint radial deviation example

tilting a cup upward when drinking

wrist (radiocarpal) joint ulnar deviation example

pouring a pitcher of water

metacarpal-phalangeal joints flexion example

holding a suitcase handle

metacarpal-phalangeal joints extension example

getting nails painted (point fingers up)

metacarpal-phalangeal joints adduction example

holding a large object

metacarpal-phalangeal joints abduction example

swimming

interphalangeal joint flexion example

making a fist to punch in boxing

interphalangeal joints extension example

to point at something

Thumb CMC joint palmar abduction example

thumbs up

Thumb CMC joint radial abduction

holding a cup

Thumb CMC joint flexion example

making a number four

Thumb CMC joint adduction example

swimming

Thumb MP and IP flexion example

texting

Thumb MP and IP joint extension example

thumbs up

A

Superglenoid tubercle

B

Scapular notch

C

Coracoid process

D

Glenoid cavity

E

Infraglenoid tubercle

F

Subscapular fossa

G

Medial border

H

Inferior angle

J

Infraspinous fossa

K

acromion

A

Head

B

intertibercular groove

C

lesser tubercle

D

capitulum

E

medial epicondyle

F

trochlea

G

radial groove

H

olecranon fossa

J

lateral epicondyle

K

greater tubercle

L

superior facet

M

inferior facet

A

olecranon process

B

trochlear notch

C

ulnar tuberosity

D

radial notch

E

styloid process

A

head of radius

B

fovea

C

radial tuberosity

D

styloid process

E

head of radius

F

radial tuberosity

G

styloid process

1

scaphoid

2

lunate

3

triquetrum

4

pisform

5

hamate

6

capitate