Dosage forms & compounding questions

Which of the following dosage forms is most suitable for protecting a drug from gastric acid after oral administration?

A. Sugar-coated tablets

B. Enteric-coated tablets

C. Syrups

D. Suppositories

Enteric Coated tablets

True or False: Artificial flavorants are more variable in their chemical composition than natural flavorants?

False

Which of the following is a requirement for a dosage form?

A. Uniformity of drug dose across the dosage form

B. High Variability in a drug action

C. Unstable chemical properties

D. Lack of preservation

A. Uniformity of drug dose across dosage form

________ is an inactive substance that serves as a vehicle or medium for drugs/other active substances.

A. Excipients

B. APIs

C. chemicals

A. Excipients

What dosage forms do children prefer?

A. tablets

B. injections

C. liquids

C. Liquids

Rancidity is the process of fats and oils deteriorating due to oxidation?

A. False

B. True

B. True

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a concern when choosing a dye for a pharmaceutical product?

A. A possible interaction between API and dye.

B. The stability of the dye at varying temperatures and ph.

C. The dyes cost compared to others.

D. The dyes ability to improve treatment outcomes.

D. The dyes ability to improve treatment outcomes

What are common diluting agents for oral preparations? Select all that apply.

A. Aqueous syrups

B. Hydroalcholic elixirs

C. Alcoholic spirits and tinctures

D. Sterile water

A. Aqueous syrups, B. Hydroalcoholic elixirs, C. Alcoholic spirits and tinctures.

True or False. Mandatory labeling isn't required for the dye tartrazine in medications.

A. True

B. False

B. False

Excipients can have a pharmacological effect on the body

True

False

True, (They can and cannot, its both)

The purpose of a _________ is to resist changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added to a formulation

Buffer

1)What is the primary role of excipients in drug formulation?

a) To exhibit physiological effects like the active pharmaceutical ingredient

b) To enhance the stability and delivery of active substances

c) To replace the active pharmaceutical ingredient in formulations

d) To act as preservatives only

b) To enhance the stability and delivery of active substances

2)Which of the following best describes an excipient in a pharmaceutical product?

A. A substance that has pharmacological effects in the body.

B. An inactive substance that serves as the vehicle or medium for drugs or other active substances.

C. A compound used to modify the color of a pharmaceutical product.

D. A preservative agent used to prevent microbial growth in the formulation.

B. An inactive substance that serves as the vehicle or medium for drugs or other active substances.

Which of the following is a dosage form that does not require preservation?

a. Creams

b. Syrups

c. Tablets

d. Injectables

c. Tablets

True or False. Chloroform and phenyl mercury salts are considered to be acceptable preservatives.

False, determined to be toxic

What is not a therapeutic considerations for a dosage form design?

A. Nature of illness

B. Way the illness is treated

C. Age of patient

D. Gender of patient

D. Gender of patient

Drug A, from Mexico, wants to make its way into the American market. All of the ingredients to drug A are the same to American drug B except for the colorant. Will the drug be available for market without any modifications?

No, colorant may not be accepted in the US

True or false: The drug product only contains the active pharmaceutical ingredient.

false

True or false: The dosage form in which a drug is administered can impact the effect it has on the patient and how it impacts their disease state.

True

1.) Adhering to the therapeutic considerations, what would be the best dosage form for an 8 month old with a persistent fever?

a. IV

b. IM

c. Suppository

d. Oral

c. Suppository

True or false: Calamine is used as a natural colorant for yellow.

False

Funalito works for the FDA, and he arrives to Pfizer on Saturday morning to approve upcoming medications. Pancracia the pharmacist who works at Pfizer asks " Hey Funalito I have this new idea for a medication do you think it should be on the marketplace?" What should Funalito reply?

A.) Yes! That's a great idea I can help you come up with ideas so we can get it on the marketplace.

B.) No, Im sorry Pancracia as a member of the FDA my role is only to ensure the product is safe.

B.) No, Im sorry Pancracia as a member of the FDA my role is only to ensure the product is safe.

What should be considered so the colorant does not go through color changes that can change the products appearance or consumer perception?

A.) Tartrazine

B.) Coal Tar dyes

C.) Ph

D.) Preservatives

Ph

All of the following are modes of action for preservatives EXCEPT?

a)Lysis and cytoplasmic leakage

b)PH and Buffer interactions

c)Inhibition of cellular metabolism

d)Oxidation of cellular constituents

b)PH and Buffer interactions

All of the following are criterias for selection for preservatives EXCEPT?

A) Non-toxic, non-sensitizing

B) Odorless, tasteless

C) An extended half life

D) Compatible with closure system.

C) An extended half life

Which of the following are types of colorants? Select all that apply.

a. Lakes

b. Rivers

c. Natural pigments

d. Synthetic organic dyes

e. A, B and C

f. A, C and D

f. A, C and D

Name one common chelating agent that is added to foods.

Citric Acid

Edetic Acid (EDTA)

1.What precent of the population is estimated to have an allergic reaction to sulfites?

a. 2%

b. 0.4%

c. 0.2%

d. 3%

c. 0.2%

2.Which classification of colorants are not for lips or any body surface covered by mucous membrane?

a. FD&C color additives

b. D&C color additives

c. External D7C color additives.

c. External D7C color additives.

1. Which of the following does the GMP regulations not address?

a. Record keeping

b. Sanitation

c. Continuous improvement

d. Equipment verification

c. Continuous improvement

2. Blends of certified dyes do not have to certified.

a. True

b. False

b. False

1) Gels and Patches are used as an optimal drug action from topical administration: True or False

False

2) Which of the following is NOT considered a natural colorant?

a. Yellow Ferric Oxide

b. Titanium dioxide

c. Calamine

d. Propylene glycol

d. Propylene glycol

True or False. Water-soluble drugs should be diluted with an alcoholic vehicle.

False.

Why must solutions for injection be made isosmotic with tissue fluid?

A.) to enhance the stability of the solution

B.) to avoid pain and irritation

C.) to improve the absorption rate of the drug

D.) to increase the solubility of the solution

to avoid pain and irritation

1. This type of dosage form protects a drug from the influence of gastric acid after oral administration:

A. Coated tablets

B. Enteric-coated tablets

C. Sugar-coated tablets

D. Salt-coated tablets

B. Enteric-coated tablets

2. True or False: Natural flavorants are more variable in their chemical composition than artificial flavorants.

True

Name the 3 carriers of flavorants.

Water Soluble Carriers, Oil Soluble Carriers, and Dry Carriers

What are usual problems associated with natural products? (Select all that apply)

a. availability

b. batch to batch variation

c. are usually used for external applications

d. a & b

a. availability

b. batch to batch variation

c. are usually used for external applications

Why have some colorants such as coal tar dye been decertified?

a) Due to their chemical nature or impurities

b) Due to their purity

c) Due to their hot temperature

d) All of the above

a) Due to their chemical nature or impurities

Why are dosage forms of preservation not needed for tablets?

a) Tablets are similar to capsules so they need a preservation form

b) Tablets are designed to only dissolve in sterile environments

c) Tablets are solid, dry, and compressed so preservation is not necessary

d) None of the above

c) Tablets are solid, dry, and compressed so preservation is not necessary

1) True or False. Synthetic organic dyes are insoluble and are more common.

False.

2) Which one is NOT a class of preservative?

A. Alcohol

B. Esters

C. Sugars

D. Weak organic acids

C. Sugars

What type of diluting agents should be used for oral preparations:

1.Aqueous Syrups

2. Hydroalcoholic Elixirs

3. Alcoholic Spirits and Tinctures

a. 1 and 2

b. 1 and 3

c. 2 and 3

d. 1,2, and 3

d. 1,2, and 3

What are usual problems associated with natural products:

a. Availability

b. Batch to batch variation

c. Usually used for external applications

d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following is an essential factor in the selection of a preservative for a pharmaceutical formulation?

A. Effective against not too many microorganisms

B. Incompatibility with excipients

C. Stability throughout the preparation's shelf life

D. Has irrelevance to pH

C. Stability throughout the preparation's shelf life

What is the primary role of antioxidants in pharmaceutical formulations?

A. To enhance flavor

B. To inhibit oxidation of oils, fats, and active ingredients

C. To act as a preservative

D. To improve solubility of drugs in aqueous solutions

B. To inhibit oxidation of oils, fats, and active ingredients

what does the term "oleaginous" mean?

A) Resembling or containing oil

B) Extremely dry and brittle

C) Having a sweet or sugary taste

D) Resembling a rough or abrasive surface

A) Resembling or containing oil

True or False. The following are examples of buffers Carbonates, Nitrates, and Citrates.

False.

This kind of tablet conceals bitter, salty, or otherwise offensive taste or odor of a drug.

a) Coated tablets

b) Enteric coated tablets

c) Sugar coated tablets

d) None of the above

c) Sugar coated tablets

Children prefer sweet candy-like preparations with fruity flavors.

True or False

True

1) True/False. GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practice Regulations?

True

2) Preservatives must be compatible with which of the following?

A) Drug

B) Excipients

C) Closure system

D) All of the above

D) All of the above

Which is/are considered in dosage form design?

A. Nature of illness

B. Way the illness is treated

C. Age of Patient

D. Condition of patient

E. All of the above

E. All of the above

True of false: Lakes are soluble colorants?

False, they are insoluble.

Which of the following are flavorants?

A. corn starch

B. propylene glycol

C. soybean

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Why is using a combination of preservatives better?

A. Broad antimicrobial coverage

B. lower risk of microbe resistance

C. none of the above

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Why are specific dosage forms designed for pediatric and geriatric patients?

a. to match the drugs color

b. to reduce the effectiveness of the drug

c. due to varying age and condition considerations

d. to increase the shelf life of the medication

c. due to varying age and condition considerations

. Understanding the different ___________ is essential for determining the appropriate route of a drug

a. dosage forms

b. dose forms

c. medicine forms

d. medication forms

a. dosage forms

Oxidation leads to the development of __________ in oils and fats.

A. Foaming

B. Rancidity

C. Emulsification

D. Hydration

B. Rancidity

. A colorant that is acceptable in one country may not be acceptable in another.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Which of the following is NOT a mode of preservatives?

A. Cause partial lysis of the cell.

B. Cause lysis and cause death.

C. Oxidate celluar constituents.

D. Prevent the oxidation of cellular constituents.

D. Prevent the oxidation of cellular constituents.

What dosage form is considered to be the most stable?

A. Tablets

B. Syrups

C. Suspensions

D. Creams

A. Tablets

1) Chemically pure magnesium stearate is considered a good as a lubricant

True or False

False

Citric Acid is an example of a Chelating agent?

True

False

True

Why should isotonic modifications be added after the other ingredients?

A) Problems interacting with other ingredients

B) Modifications should be made before

C) None should be made

A) Problems interacting with other ingredients

The FDA?

A. Determines which drugs are safe for the public to take.

B. Determines which drugs should be in the marketplace.

C. Both A and B

D. None of the above.

A. Determines which drugs are safe for the public to take.

Oxidation leads to what?

A. Binding of metal ions

B. Activation of some drugs in the development of their dosage forms.

C. Rancidity in oils and fats.

D. Resists changes in pH

C. Rancidity in oils and fats.

Which of the following is not a requirement for dosage form?

A. Suitable packaging and labeling

B. Chemical and physical stability

C. Protection of a drug from atmospheric oxygen or humidity

D. Suitable packaging and labeling

C. Protection of a drug from atmospheric oxygen or humidity

2 .Which of the following is not considered a dosage form?

A. Tablets

B. Inhalants

C. Injectables

D. API

D. API

1) What type of dye requires a mandatory labeling in medications?

A. coal tar

B. tartrazine

C. Carbon black

D. Titanium Dioxide

B. tartrazine

2) Which of the following dosage forms need preservation?

A. Raw materials

B. Tablets

C. Operators

D. Syrups

D. Syrups

Chelating agents bind to metal ions:

a) True

b) False

a) True

he FDA controls the marketing and regulation of drug products for safe consumer consumption:

a) True

b) False

b) False

T/F: Chemically pure magnesium stearate is good as a lubricant.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

B. FALSE

APIs are converted to medicines through thoughtful incorporation of.....

A. Ingredients

B. Flavors and dyes

C. Excipients

D. Other APIs

C. Excipients

Which of the following would be a therapeutic consideration in dosage form design?

A) Nature of illness

B) Way the illness is treated

C) Age of patient

D) Condition of patient

E) All of the above

E) All of the above

Are color and/or flavor used as an excipient to make products more acceptable to the patient?

True

False

True

Why is the list of utilized medication preservatives shrinking?

A) Medication compatibility

B) Coloring agents interactions

C) It is not shrinking

D) Toxicity/Harmful

D) Toxicity/Harmful

What are the core concepts behind the success of a drug system?

A) Discovery

B) Delivery

C) Manufacture

D) All of the above

D) All of the above

1) Why are coal tar dyes rarely used?

a) the color

b) they include benzene

c) they interact with medications

d) all of the above

b) they include benzene

2) Which of the following are NOT preservatives?

a) bronopol

b) sodium benzoate

c) phenol

d) benzene alcohol

d) benzene alcohol

Which of the following is not taken into account when looking at preservative compatibility?

A. Excipients

B. Temperature

C. Drug

D. Container

B. Temperature

True or False? The FDA determines whether a drug can be sold in stores.

False

Why does the injectable solution need a pH of 7.4?

A. Normal body pH ranges from 7.35-7.45

B. So the kidneys are able to filter it

C. It is a nice number

Normal body pH ranges from 7.35-7.45

What are 4 of the six buffers used? (Select all that apply)

A.) Carbonates

B.) Citrates

C.) Tartrates

D.) Phosphates

E.) Sodium

Carbonates

Citrates

Tartrates

Phosphates

________________ is a therapeutic consideration in dosage form design.

a. age of the patient

b. dose of drug

c. amount of preservatives

a. age of the patient

Which of the following is not a water soluble carrier?

a. water

b.modified starch

c. propylene glycol

b.modified starch

Ideal antioxidants must be compatible with:

A. Drug

B. Excipient

C. Container - closure system

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

2. Antioxidants are substances that ____ oxidation.

Inhibit

Which of the following is not for lips or any body surface covered by mucous membrane?

A. FD&C color additives

B. D&C color additives

C. External D&C color additives

D. All of the above

C. External D&C color additives

Which of the following is not a buffer?

A. Carbonates

B. Citrates

C Lactates

D. Dextrose

D. Dextrose

) What are not disadvantages of oral drug administration?

A - Some drugs are not absorbed orally.

B - Cost effective

C - The acidic stomach environment can degrade some drugs.

D - Absorption can be affected by food.

B - Cost effective

T/F: Tap water can't be used for pharmaceutical preparations because it contains impurities like iron, calcium, and sodium that can affect drug stability.

True

Which of the following dosage forms has the shortest time until effect?

a. Sublingual tablet

b. Suppository

c. Intravenous

d. Transdermal patch

C. Intravenous

Which of the following is a common impurity in tap water?

a. Manganese

b. Iron

c. Sodium

d. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following routes of administration bypasses the first-pass effect and provides rapid systemic absorption?

a) Oral

b) Sublingual

c) Rectal

d) Topical

b) Sublingual

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using solutions as a dosage form?

a) They require shaking before administration

b) They have a lower bioavailability than solid dosage forms

c) They often have a shorter shelf life due to stability concerns

d) They cannot be administered via the oral route

c) They often have a shorter shelf life due to stability concerns

What is the volume injection for an IM route of administration?

a) Less than 1.3 mL

b) More than 1.3mL

c) 0.5 - 2mL

d) 1 - 2mL

c) 0.5 - 2mL