Particles

αὖ

on the other hand…

γε

(just) even, at least; intensifies/sharpens the word(s) before it

δή

indeed, certainly, really (provides general emphasis)

ἦ

indeed, really; emphasizes the particle that follows

καίτοι

and yet, nevertheless; marks a transition, restatement, or conclusion

μέντοι

of course; however, often used postpositively in replies or transitions

μήν

indeed, certainly; follows and emphasizes another particle

νῦν

now; indicates the present time

νυνί

now, as it is currently occurring

οὐκοῦν

therefore, then; often used to pose a question expecting agreement

περ

very, indeed; serves as a strong emphatic suffix on relatives and conjunctions