7 temperature & ideal gases

absolute scale

absolute zero: temperature at which all substances have minmal internal energy

• -273.15 / 0K

triple point of water: temp where water exists in sol, liq, vapour forms

• 0.01 / 273.16K

ideal gas laws

one mole: amt of substance that contains as many elementary particles as there are atoms in 0.012kg of carbon-12

ideal gas: gas that obeys the equation of staet for an idela gas at all temps, vols and pressures

1. boyle’s law

• temp constant

• PV

2. charle’s law

• pressure constant

• v/t

3. pressure law

• vol constant

• p/t

ideal gas equation

pv = nRT = NkT

n = M/Mr = N/6.02×10²³

k = R / 6.02×10²³

kinetic theory of gas

1. collisions of gas molecules are perfectly elastic

2. no intermolecular forces

3. large no. of molecules moving rapidly and randomly

4. vol of gas negligible compared to vol of container

5. duration of collision negligible compared to time interval between collisions

derivation of kinetic theory equation

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